Noise Control Methods
The noise generated by the vehicles existing in industrial enterprises constitutes a serious problem for the employees in that workplace. There are various control methods used to reduce, control, and eliminate noise in noisy workplaces. The most effective of these methods are engineering methods that control noise at source and spreading environment. The need for a technical team in the implementation of these methods and the relatively additional costs that cause employers to stay away from these practices. As a result, employees are exposed to the harmful effects of noise. In our study, methods of control of noise from source and prevention of noise propagation and reduction of noise level were determined in a work place where noise level was found to be harmful for employees and their effectiveness was discussed.
Ergonomics, which is a multidisciplinary discipline that demonstrates human-machine-environment harmony by considering the biological and psychological characteristics and capacities of the employees with natural and technological laws, is the science of human work.
It tries to find the conditions for adapting the work to human and human. By developing methods, the body works to perform the most appropriate way. Ergonomic measures aim at preserving the physical integrity of the workers as well as an ideal working environment in which they can use their physical characteristics in the most appropriate way. We know that noise, which forms part of the human working environment, affects physiological and psychological aspects as well as hearing, and disrupts human body balance [1]. It will be inevitable that the performance and productivity of a person with impaired physical and mental health will decrease. Developing ergonomic methods, in other words developing and applying noise control methods, is a necessity for the industry in order to eliminate or reduce the negative effects of noise to the established standard values.
The difference between the measured noise level and the standard noise level indicates how much noise reduction should be made. The first step in noise control studies is to determine the noise sources and their noise types which have the highest contribution to the total noise level by means of frequency analysis.
Three main approaches are needed to combat noise
1. To control noise at source,
2. To control the noise in the area between the source and the receiver,
3. To control the noise in the receiver and the person exposed to the noise.
Methods to control noise at the source: The basic rule is to reduce the noise at the source, if possible. In this way, the whole environment is protected from the noise of the source. It is the most effective way.
General principles of noise control in welding
1. Noise control by planning and maintenance,
2. Change of operating conditions,
3. Selecting quieter operations,
4. Relocation of welding,
5. Using silencer,
6. Vibration insulation,
7. Vibration damping,
8. Covering the noise source.
Methods to control noise in the area between source and receiver
Control of noise in the propagation area:
1. If the space is available, by adjusting the distance of the machines to each other,
2. Placing sound-absorbing materials on walls, floors and ceilings,
3. Structurally it can be made with sound breaker barrier and wall applications.
Control of noise at the receiver
Control of noise at the receiver: In the event that the sound cannot be reduced in the source and in the surrounding environment, protective measures are applied to the person exposed to the noise. These measures can be listed as follows:
1. Isolation of the person exposed to noise,
2. Noise control by administrative measures,
3. Reducing the exposure time to noise or working with rotation in noisy places,
4. Personal
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