How is sleep education in babies?
'Sleep training in infants' is particularly curious by new parents. Some issues are very important for babies. Examples include nutrition, sleep, love for parents. Among these examples, sleep has an important role for the development of infants. Sleep training in infants is particularly recommended by experts.
Sleep training in infants is a very important issue. A healthy sleep ensures that the baby develops well both psychologically and biologically. In addition, some babies may also have sleep disturbances. In return, a healthy sleep intake is provided by sleep training. Age and environmental factors are very important in sleep education.
SLEEP TRAINING IN BABIES
A healthy regular sleep process; Children's biological and psychological development is of great importance. Sleep disorders are observed in 20% -30% of children. 27% of these children have difficulty falling asleep and more than 25% have frequent waking up at night. Based on EEG, muscle tone and eye movement data; REM and NREM periods differ in children and adolescents compared to adults. REM and NREM sleeps occur cyclically throughout the night, with a cycle time of 50-60 minutes in infancy, and 90 minutes in late childhood and adulthood.
REM sleep accounts for 90% of total sleep time in babies born before the 30th gestational week, while this rate is around 50% in babies born in time. As age increases, REM period duration continues to decrease. While 75% of the 24-hour baby is asleep during the term, it decreases to 50% by the 6th month. One year old child sleeps 2.5 hours day and 11 hours night. Daytime sleep can sleep in two separate parts.
Three-year-olds usually sleep 10.5 hours at night and 1.5 hours at night. Daytime sleep is discontinued after 4 or 5 years of age. Short-term waking up in babies is usually observed at night, but after a while they fall asleep again. In 2-month-old infants, this type of awakening accounts for 9% of their sleep, but when they reach the ninth month, it decreases to 6%.
Children with sleep problems show one or more of the following three symptoms: (1) They can hardly fall asleep or cannot sleep; (2) daytime sleepers; (3) make unusual or unwanted movements during sleep. The most frequent reason for the families to be worried and the most common reason to wake up at night. The second most common reason is that the child does not sleep in the desired period after being placed in bed. Whether they are considered as a problem by parents depends on what they normally accept. In a study on this subject, it was found that approximately one quarter of infants were awake more than five nights a week when they were one year old. 10% of the mothers did not accept this as a problem.
The most common cause of difficulty in falling asleep and night waking in play children and preschool children is related to the associations of starting sleep. Settlement without the help of parents, self-comfort and falling asleep are the behaviors learned in children. If a child is accustomed to his mother's help (swaying, feeding, embracing) or special activity (toys, music) to fall asleep, he will also ask for these environmental conditions in the physiological awakening between the sleep steps during night's sleep.
Difficulties in falling asleep and inability to sleep in school age children are mostly related to anxiety, sadness, stress and fears. These problems may arise in response to fear of something at night, a nightmare or a traumatic event during the day or another specific event. The first step of the treatment is to define the origin of fear and anxiety and attempts to address it. Many factors have been associated with sleep disorders; Infant temperament, parental attitude, nutrition, physical well-being, milk allergy, marital conflicts and parental psychopathology.
After four months, it is also important to recognize the familial and cultural (upbringing) values of the parents that enable the formation of sleeping habits. Bedtime parent-baby interaction can cause sleep disorders. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, a tragedy that occurs very frequently while the baby is sleeping, is commonly referred to as 'Cradle Death'. The syndrome results in the death of infants from 1 month to 1 year.
TRANSITION OBJECT:
If the child wants something or someone to sleep with him, this should not be a family, but a “transition object.. The toy cannot leave when the child is asleep and stands next to him every time he wakes up. If the child has not chosen such a special object, the family must offer him the objects he may love. He should make the final decision. (Leave the final decision to him of several preferences) 6-8 months sleep companion can be used. The baby's sleeping companion should be far enough to reach your own efforts in bed. Melatonin is a hormone secreted at night. His cells are regenerating, regulating his immune system, adjusting the biological rhythm of the body. Quality of sleep Healthy weight, insulin resistance, heart health, blood pressure, learning, memory, attention, focus, motor muscle development, emotion, behavior, harmony closely affects such situations. As a human, the mother needs sleep. He's not a superhuman creature. Poor quality sleep mother has a secure attachment to the baby, especially the interaction it has with the child during the day, a negative impact on marriage, a negative impact on the body's health and milk.
SLEEPING SILENCE: The first way to gain good sleeping habits is to accustom to sleeping in their own cots in their own rooms. Normal home sounds during the day are recommended. There should be silence at night. The door of the sleeping room is closed or left ajar. Monotonous relaxing white noise, rain sound, and a whispering sound can be used in sleep transitions. The ideal temperature of the room: 20-24 degrees during the day and 16-20 degrees during the night. The ideal temperature is 20 22 degrees. The room should be ventilated daily. Darkness: To ensure a day-and-night cycle, the child's room should be ensured to be dark when lying down at night. The room should be dark in the pitch-way at night. There may be darkness near the dark during the day. Partial light from the hallway at night (for growth hormone), street light is enough. In sudden situations flashlight red orange and yellow tone light can be used. Dark background curtain can be used for pitch dark. (Covering the sleeping room window with cardboard may be a workaround in passing a black bag).
SLEEPING POSITION: First, have your newborn baby lie on your back. Use hard mattress. Avoid keeping your baby too hot. Feed your baby with breast milk. When the baby learns to roll, they will determine their own lying position. Red and yellow light affect melatonin least. The phone screen light is not used. Child The first 3 years should never be exposed to the screen. Baby Cots: For babies and toddlers, stretched linen under the cotton-rubber mattress should be used. There must be a fixed bed in the flat lying position, and wake up where it sleeps. The sponge should be hard, the bed should be hollow, the bed should not be covered, the wall should be simple and bed mobile. Pike blanket is not recommended. Ideally, footed overalls and bag sleeping bags are not recommended. The pillow is not recommended until age 2. For the first 2 months of the swaddle can be recommended to calm the transition to sleep with a light wrap shape.
TRANSITION FROM BABY COTTON TO BED:
Considering that the baby can leave the cot on its own, the transition to normal bed should be started. The bed you use can be renewed ergonomically. (Feet can be shortened, railings can come out). Conditions must be provided for the baby to sleep in good quality, some of which are awakenings and return to sleep is a condition of establishing sleep routines. The same sleeping room should be used in the same routines day and night.
SEPARATE THE ROOM; Independent sleep habits should be started gradually after 4 months. From 4 months to 1 year, the same room should be transferred to the children's room after 1 year of age. Possibility to stay in the same room up to 2 years of age, subject to availability. If you have reserved the room, the audio and video materials will help you enter the sleeping child's room consciously, and it is good for your protectionist instinct. In such a case, the baby's bed should be an enclosed area away from the parent's bed.
Once you enter the room to sleep, the baby's needs must be met in the sleeping room, no room changes should be made, other people should not be warned not to see objects. Creating a sleep routine; The digits can be in the same order, at variable times. The first purpose is to create a bed routine, a sleep routine and a feeding routine, to create a sleeping room, a room separation (known to be played in the daytime room to get used to the room), to gradually progress to independent sleep. Day routine: (average 15min) baby is fed in the bright room using the word good sleep by saying goodbye to the sleep room.
The room should be dim. The same routines should be performed. (Baby should be calm but may be awake, should be awake, routines, white noise, don't open the sound, don't sleep, don't sleep, laying on the lap before bedtime. The same word is said '' good sleep gb '' exit the room 10 seconds to enter the room if you cry in. 10 minutes and make your current sleep method. After the shower, the baby is taken directly to the sleeping room, so that he cannot see other people and objects, the door is closed, and he is provided with the same feeding without dim bed.
The person who cares in routines should be calm compassionate. After learning the same person at the beginning, the transition to sleep can be done by the father carer or other family members in the same rhythm and routine. You should also pay attention to your diet when creating a sleep routine; Wake up 6-7 in the morning '' Say good morning brighten the room 7.00-7.30 feeding time 8.50 sleeping routine will sleep for 1 hour 10.30-10.45 feeding time 11.30-11.45 nutrition 11.45-12.00 noon routine should wake up at 14.30. 14.30-14.45 nutrition 16.00-16.30 short nap should wake up at the latest 17.00. 17.00-17.15 nutrition 18.15-18.30 shower 18.30-18.45 night sleep routine 19.00-19.15 nights independent sleep
So, what if he doesn't fit?
When they wake up at night after 4 months, they can sleep on their own. This applies to all children after 6 months. If not, there's a problem. SLEEP METHODS 1. EASY 2. Establishing a Sleep Routine 3. Changing Habits 4. Setting a Limit 5. Keeping the Door Closed 6. The Development-Waiting Method (Ferber Method) 7. Progressive Retraction 8. Tilt-Lift Method
CREATING SLEEP ROUTINE ACCORDING TO THE BIOLOGICAL RHYTHM OF THE CHILD
Create a pre-sleep routine that calms the baby and signals that sleep time is complete. The entire routine should last for 30 minutes. Satisfies the need for sleeping, sleeping at regular times, sleeping in quality environment. Sleep routine should be started after 4 months. If you are older, it can be adapted to age and development. Nutritional hours should be revised to establish sleep routines.
Due to excessive nutrition, the digestive system does not keep the child asleep and causes changes in body functions. The release of many hormones is prevented. Babies want to eat at night until the 9th month. After this month, the family may stop feeding at night. Selection of time in establishing sleep routine; Long-term travel, moving, such as changes, who have recently lost one of the family, actively fed at night, serious health problems, such as the birth of a new sibling in cases such as the adaptation period for parents and children should be given.
Step by step sleep routines should be established, each child can go through the same step at different periods. If he slept a little earlier the night before, he should not compensate by extending his daytime sleep. If the child compensates for sleep, the child will have much time to cry at night. Daytime sleep should not be too late. Daytime sleep should not exceed 16.00. Wake him calmly and compassionate if he sleeps. If the family has another child and is uncomfortable with crying, the family brother should put him in another room for a few nights. Safe routing should be created in a negative way.
If the baby is not given enough love and attention to the child in each period, psychological problems are seen in the child. Secure attachment occurs when attention is needed according to age during the hours when awake. While creating a sleep routine, crying during the week in a controlled manner will not cause any problems for the child. If you don't have a different condition, the reason she cries is because of your habits in your sleep rhythm.
All methods should be done by both parents. Baby care is not a task assigned to the mother in child education. We continue this until the baby gradually stops crying over time. This is continued until the baby stops crying, using the technique of touch-and-skin to calm down each time, using the lift-soothe-back-to-bed technique if it does not work. Once you have established a sleep routine, you are ready for the ability to sleep independently. The child is laid awake in bed. 10 min outside. If the crying is not stopped, the child is entered inside and the child is calmed without being taken to the lap and exited again. The periods are kept constant and repeated until falling asleep. The child is accustomed to the order of one week to two weeks.
The temperament of the child, the mother's mood, consistency and age are important when working. Instead of using different sentences to calm down, it is useful for all family members to repeat the same thing.. Now we will sleep, baby bağlantılı. Remove electronic devices and phones from the room. Secure Attachment; When the mother responds to the needs of the baby, being close to embrace nutrition, attention, play, compassion, warm tone of tone should be met enough in the language of my time. Babies do not realize that they have a personality (self) separate from their mother.
Inner confidence needs to be improved. The next stage is separation individualization. (Between the fifth and ninth months - ten to 18 months) At this stage, he perceives himself as separate from the mother. First, 'I' is not understood, safe attachment healthy development 'I' can not develop.
DAY SLEEP
4 months divided by 3 sleep (3-4 hours) 6-12 months divided by 2 sleep (2-3 hours) 14-18 months 1 time noon sleep (2 -2.30 hours) 2 years 1 time (1.30 hours) 3 Age 1 time (1 hour) After 4 years of age no sleep is required. 9-10 hours at noon 12-14 hours at noon Evening hours 19-20 Primary school age 20.30 Secondary school 21-22.00 Adolescence is a sleepy time around 23-24.00.
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