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Project to solve noise pollution in schools

Antalya Industrialists' and Businessmen's Association (ANSIAD), public schools in classrooms and corridors despite the serious noise in the absence of any acoustic measures to prevent health problems encountered in an elementary school acoustic practice was implemented. The system absorbs the sound of students in classrooms and corridors and will be submitted to the Ministry of National Education for implementation in all schools.
In Turkey, public schools had raised an important issue ANSİAD obscure. ANSİAD's Health, Service and Education Sector initiated a social responsibility project against noise pollution caused by crowded student groups in classrooms and corridors.

ANSIAD regarding the acoustic problem that causes communication problems as well as many health problems such as headache and laryngeal comfort, chose Melahat Faraçlar Primary School for sample application. First, in a classroom, part of the ceiling was covered with sound-absorbing plates. Practice on satisfaction has spread to the entire school.

ALL SCHOOLS HAVE ACOUSTIC PROBLEMS

The architect of the project, ANSİAD member architect Ercan Evren, pointed out that the physical infrastructure should be good for the education to be good. “One of the infrastructures is acoustic, that is, sound pollution. It's simple, but no one noticed. Since we observe this in our constructions, we have taken precautions and we want it to spread to all schools. Because it is a study that will provide great benefit to the improvement of the education quality of Turkish children. According to the information we have received from our teachers and administrators, it seems that our work is working. Very satisfied, "he said.

SOUND ABSORBENT PLACES NOISE NOISE

Ercan said that the project provided great benefits for both teachers and students. “There are very bad effects of noise on people. Psychological, physical, headache, morale, learning disability, such as counting causes endless discomfort. What we call tinnitus is a wave, the energy is actually going back and forth between two lines. We put sound-absorbing plates on the ceiling. We put them in some of the classes, not all of them. It absorbs the sound and does not fluctuate. The teacher is able to tell easily and can be understood by the students. Because when this is not the teacher's words are not understood and he has to shout. All teachers have larynx discomfort. In the corridors, we do it all. Because there must be fully absorbed sound, "he said.

TEACHERS HEAD DO NOT HEAR

cost is not too much of the application and this school in 30 thousand pounds all acoustic voicing the problem could be solved Ercan, "Of course, the two could not in three schools for all and to put the new todo tenders in Turkey, as well as the need to restate the old school that children get increased performance, health get improved . Especially teachers. Our teacher here said, 'Every day I was going with a headache. These plates are made after headache 'he said. This is very pleasing. Can you imagine how a morale teacher can have a headache every day? They want to escape from school, they don't like school. There are a lot of other aspects, "he said.

ANSİAD President Abdullah Erdoğan stated that they would like to draw the attention of the society as ANSİAD about acoustic practice in schools and said that they started an acoustic study in order to prevent this noise damaging the health of both students and teachers in public schools.

WILL BE PRESENTED TO THE MINISTRY AS A REPORT

Erdogan said that the difference in noise pollution between the measurements and the acoustical class and the class not made will be constituted and concretized. “We will present it as a report to the Ministry of National Education. We will propose the planning of this project in the public schools and the establishment of healthier and more acoustically sensitive schools. We pioneered this work, "he said.

TEACHERS ARE VERY SATISFIED

Before the acoustic application, teachers felt themselves very tired in the evening, the school principal Coskun Deniz Kaya said that after the first class teachers felt relieved. Stating that teachers spend less effort, Kaya said, ben I personally felt the corridors. For example, when I went out for a walk in the corridor in the morning, one of the three teachers, who spoke among themselves, asked the other teacher, Ya What if the children are sluggish or exhausted today?. The other teacher said things like, 'They haven't woken up yet.' I said, 'Acoustic was done, you do not know' he. There's a really big difference. At the same time, when guests came to my room, for example, we could not talk about the noise in the hallway during breaks. We also had to take a break during the break if there was an event in the conference room. But now much more comfortable, we have seen much benefit, "he said.


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How to prevent noise pollution?

Information collected by the media monitoring agency Ajans Press from Indy100 data and media reflections revealed where noise pollution is most common in the world. First in the list is the city of Guangzhou from China. The loudest Istanbul city of Turkey. We researched ways of protection from noise pollution…

Noise pollution is one of the biggest problems of city life. In order to prevent this problem, municipalities and citizens should act together. According to the list of data on the Indy100 news site, Istanbul is among the most noisy cities in the world. In the top of the list, the city of Guangzhou in China, Delhi (India), Cairo (Egypt), Mumbai (India), Beijing (China), Barcelona (Spain), Mexico City (Mexico), Paris (France) and Buenos Aires (Argentina) ). What can you do to protect yourself from noise pollution?

Insulation

If you live in a central location in a big city, it is best to invest in your home. All you have to do is isolate your house from noise. The first option is to renew the glasses as double glazing. This method will greatly stop the sounds reaching your home. If double glazing is not enough for you, you can also consider wall and roof insulation options. If you don't have the budget for this job, you can turn to goals that you can achieve at more affordable costs. For example, using carpets and rugs on the floor reinforces your sound insulation. However, you can use special flooring on your walls. In this way, a large part of the noise will not reach into your home.

Rearrange your home

Although most of the noise pollution comes from outside the living areas, you can get rid of some noise by arranging your own house. For example, place electronic devices that emit loud sounds, such as air conditioning, combi boilers, or refrigerators, away from your bedroom or lounge. If this is not possible, move your bed away from the walls of the rooms with these appliances. This method will improve your sleep quality. If your bed is leaning against the wall, this will make you feel more noise. Because the sound vibrations will reach your bed through the walls. You can put a “bumper arasına between your bed and the wall to absorb vibration.

Review legal regulations

Although municipalities take precautions against noise pollution, they cannot always follow these regulations. Therefore, if your neighborhood has a nightclub or social space, review the regulations. If these places do not comply with legal regulations, you can complain to the necessary units. If your home is on a main street, you can ask the authorities to place traffic signs on this street indicating that it is forbidden to play horns.

Talk to your neighbors

If there are people like you who complain about noise pollution, you can come together and talk about what you can do. However, do not hesitate to warn people who are the source of noise pollution. Warn your neighbors in a polite language. If you do not get results, contact the authorities.

Last resort: Ear plugs

If you cannot avoid the sound problem but do not want to change the house, the last resort is to protect yourself from this noise. You can use ear plugs while sleeping. During the day, if you need to concentrate, using headphones with sound canceling can get you away from the noise of the city.


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Measures to be taken against noise pollution Examples

As technology evolves, noise pollution occurs. Even when you go to bed at night, the sounds of airplane passing through the sky often do not end until morning. Noise is an unwanted sound that does not have a distinct structure and has negative effects that affect people psychologically and physically.

The cause of noise is generally caused by industrialization, construction renovation, unplanned urbanization, rapidly increasing population, transportation vehicles and people noise pollution.

In particular, vehicles such as airplanes, subways and trains make very loud noises while operating and cause noise pollution. Another reason for noise pollution is the fact that the motorways passing through the settlements and the industrial areas are close to the settlements. With the wrong city plans and the gradual destruction of green areas, the renovation works such as construction and road construction make a significant contribution to noise pollution. Although there is a solution to all kinds of problems technologically, there is no solution that can make this work silent in renovations such as buildings or roads.

Other factors that cause noise pollution are vacuum cleaners with high db values, washing machines, agitator mixers, various household appliances, factory machines, emergency sirens, animal sounds, school bells, voices of peddlers, sound systems, vehicles motorcycle exhaust pipes, car horns and talking people.

According to the researches, it was revealed that patients recovered later in hospitals in noisy environments or built in constantly noisy places. Another dangerous situation of noise is that it reduces the efficiency of work and distracts and causes work accidents.

Measures to be taken against noise pollution Examples
It is primarily aimed at reducing the source of noise. The noise-producing object may be replaced by the less noise-producing object, for example a vacuum cleaner with a height of 80 db, which can be replaced by a vacuum cleaner with a height of 58 db. In the case of washing machines, noise is produced in two cases. The second is the washing.

Reducing noise from source is a situation that engineers can do. Sound insulation of machinery and vehicles is important.

The second measure for the prevention of noise is that the person exposed to the noise takes measures to the source of the sound. This problem can be partially solved by ear plugs, clutches and noise canceling caps. The most suitable is to cover the environment with sound insulation. Thus, most of the sounds coming from the external environment and neighbors are completely prevented.

The most important solutions are to make the legal sound insulation compulsory in all buildings and to prevent skewed urbanization and to make some arrangements;

It is achieved by removing industrial noisy resources from living areas while making city planning and keeping them separate from new buildings. Also areas like the motorway need to be away from living areas.

Especially noise producing work places such as Carpenter Workshops, Lumber Workshops, Automobile Repairers, Manufacturing Workshops, Ovens etc. should not be on the lower floors and near the buildings used as houses.

Attention should be paid to acoustics in architectural designs of buildings.

Noise generating places should be audited regularly by sound measurements

Sound insulation must be made mandatory by auditing vehicles that produce loud noise. Sound must be provided to the vehicle exhausts with silencers. Redundant horns must be checked for vehicles.

When planning the construction of roads, airways and railways, it should be made considering the noise they will generate.

Airports should be built at least 17 km away from living and working areas.

Industrial organizations within the city should be moved out of the city.

Trees are herbal beings that cut the sound, so today it is necessary to take precautions against noise by afforesting the edges of the highway especially by reforestation.

How Does Noise Disturb?

The noise from a single tone is more disturbing than the noise that covers different tones.
Noise at short intervals is more disturbing than continuous noise for a certain period of time.
Noise during night hours when the sound level is less disturbing.
Continuous or once per minute noise is more disturbing than twice a day.

Disorders of Noise on Human Health:
High blood pressure (hypertension)
Fast heartbeat
Cholesterol increase
Adrenaline elevation
Muscle stress
startle and
Extreme reactions and behaviors
Inward or outward resentment and anger
Using tranquilizers
Intolerance
Decreased request for help
Behavioral disorders
blaze
Sense of discomfort
Boring
Go to doctor
Close windows
Spend less time outside
Complaint writing

Diseases caused by noise among people;
Interaction of conversation
Difficulty in listening and understanding
Interruption of speech
Speak out loud
Communication disorder
Problems in reading and learning
Poor business performance



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Sound insulation

The physical event that occurs in the air pressure fluctuations caused by a vibrating source that stimulates hearing in the human ear is called “sound.. Human ear 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. sounds. In order for sound to be heard, its intensity needs to reach a certain level. Human voices are 250-500-1000-2000 Hz. frequencies. If this sound wave is located in a random spectrum, or in other words an unwanted sound, it is called “noise.. Noise, which has very negative effects on human health and comfort, is a very important phenomenon which has physiological effects such as increased blood pressure in body activity, involuntary contractions of muscles, psychological effects such as irritability and decrease in work efficiency, as well as hearing damage.

NOISE CONTROL
Noise control, which is the most effective way to combat noise, includes the measures to be taken to minimize the harmful effects of noise on human beings. Noise control methods are divided into acoustic regulation and sound insulation:

1. Acoustic Regulation:
Acoustic Regulation; is the regulation of the reverberation time in the current indoor environment. Materials such as glass wool, stone wool, soft polyurethane based foams, melamine foam, wood wool are used in detail solutions.

Sound absorption coefficient according to frequencies (Hz.)
125 250 500 1000 2000 4000
Mineral Wool (glass wool and rock wool) (50 mm thickness) 0.1 0.6 0.9 1 1 0.95
Polyurethane soft foam (50 mm thickness) 0.08 0.27 0.7 1.07 1.05 1.04
Melamine foam (50 mm thickness) 0.15 0.27 0.63 0.91 1.03 1.06
Wood Wool 0.50 0.80 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90

Acoustic Material Sound Absorption Coefficients

When sound is propagated in an environment, it encounters an obstacle and behaves in three basic ways like other physical events. Some part of the sound is reflected from the obstacle it encounters, some part is swallowed by the obstacle, and the rest passes to the other side of the obstacle. Therefore, each material has a sound absorption coefficient (α).

2. Sound Insulation:
In parallel with the developing technology, noise problems may arise with the lightening of the building elements. For this reason, knowing the behavior of the structural elements against the sound rays can prevent the subsequent occurrence of expensive and difficult to compensate situations. The measures taken to reduce the amounts of these sounds transmitted through the building elements are called ilen Sound Insulation..
The transmission and propagation of sound in building elements occurs in two ways:

1. Transmission of air-born sound from one location to another
2. Propagation of the pulse sound as air-born sound in the receiving space, or as a sound-born sound by transporting it to distant places via structure
Particularly for noise sensitive buildings such as houses, schools, hospitals, sound transmission loss values ​​of building elements should be within certain limits. The most accurate in terms of building acoustics is the noise control during the architectural design stage. Some measures that can be taken by taking into consideration the functions of the spaces and the noise sources affecting these spaces are as follows:

• Structure Location
- To build the structures as far away as possible so that the structure is not affected by traffic noise on motorways and the noise of railway and airline vehicles.
- To create natural hills, trees or artificial clusters between the noise source and the selected settlements.
- Avoid building shapes that will cause reflection. (U-shaped, courtyard type)
- Taking into account the current wind and temperature changes.

• Sound insulation of partition elements within the structure
- Increase the density of building elements.
- Double layer wall application.
- To apply double glass and laminated glass in glass areas.
- Use thick, heavy and gapless doors. Take precautions if not available.
- Preventing sound leakage through ventilation ducts, pipes and spaces around the walls.
- Floating floor applications against impact sound (neoprene, polyethylene, rockwool flooring details), flexible fixing suspended ceiling.

MATERIALS USED IN IMPACT SOUND INSULATION:
• Mineral wool
• Polyethylene
• Rubber Foam
• Wood Wool
• Polyurethane

Floating Flooring Detail

VIBRATION INSULATION

Permeability: The amount of vibration transmitted from the vibration sensors to the structure
Yield: The amount of vibration that is prevented by the vibration receivers

Permeability = 100% - Yield

Sample:
Permeability = 20%
20% = 100% - Yield
The yield should be 80%.

Effective sound insulation; it can be possible by using the right materials in the right details in the structures of which the purpose is determined and with flawless workmanship.

Polyethylene and Neoprene Flooring Detail

Sound insulation in 10 questions

1- What is sound insulation?

unwanted and evoked uncomfort feeling sounds are called noise. Sound insulation; These are the applications made with the aim of protecting the environment from the harmful effects of noise by isolating the living environment from unwanted sounds, reducing the noise emitted from noisy areas and creating suitable usage conditions in places such as cinema and recording studio.

2- Why should we be protected from noise?

Noise has many psychological and physiological damages on human beings. Noise is the most important cause of stress that causes diseases. These diseases can be summarized as follows: Irritability, difficulty in perception, decrease in work efficiency, insomnia, circulatory system disorders, abnormalities in various body secretions, permanent hearing loss, premature birth and miscarriage in pregnant women.

3- What happens if we do not have sound insulation and we are not protected from noise?

Noise causes many health problems. Even if human beings are accustomed to noise over time, their harm will continue to increase. Moreover, hearing loss due to noise is not treated with medication or surgical intervention. Permanent hearing loss (deafness) occurs especially in long-term exposure to high noise. In addition, the productivity of the employees in industrial facilities such as the factory decreases and occupational accidents occur as a result of their distraction.

4- Where should sound insulation be made?

Sound insulation;

- In areas that need to be protected from the harmful effects of noise (houses, schools, hospitals, dormitories, hotels, work places, etc.)

- In areas where the noise they emit to the environment should be prevented (generator, booster, heater, entertainment places with high sound level, etc.)

- Usage conditions in sound dependent areas (cinema, theater, concert and conference hall, TV and sound recording studio etc.)

It should be done.

5- How is sound insulation done?

Sound insulation should be considered when planning the structure. In addition, when determining the elements such as walls, floors, ceilings, glass and woodwork, materials with high sound insulation should be used. By using sound insulation material, the passage of lower and upper floor sounds is prevented by passing through neighboring walls.

6- What are the benefits of sound insulation for the country?

Noise constitutes an important problem as a dimension of environmental pollution in our age and causes many health problems whose cause cannot be determined at the first time. Sound insulation and noise control, healthy and peaceful individuals, a clean environment, attention and work efficiency by increasing the prevention of accidents is of great importance for both our country and our people.

7- What is the volume, how is it expressed?

Sound intensity, sound energy to unit area per unit time

The amount is. The magnitude is expressed in dB (decibels). Here are some examples of sound levels:

Sound Source and Location Sound Pressure Level dB (A)

Aircraft at take-off (within 25 m) 140dB (A)
Road excavation (at a distance of 7 m) 90dB (A)
Alarm clock bell (at a distance of 1 m) 80dB (A)
Inside the car traveling at 50 km / h 70dB (A)
Normal talk (at a distance of 1 m) 50dB (A)
Quiet bedrooms (should have) 35dB (A)

8- What should we pay attention to to reduce the harmful effects of noise?

First of all, we should create soundproof environments and be careful not to be in the high noise level for a long time.

Noise Exposure Time (hrs / day) Maximum Noise Level dB (A)

80 7.5
4 90
2 95
1100
0.5 (30 minutes) 105
0.25 (15 minutes) 110
1/8 (7.5 minutes) 115

9- Where to apply for sound insulation?

For information on sound insulation, you can contact İZODER (Thermal Water, Sound and Fire Insulators Association) by calling 0800 211 33 67, by calling 0212 274 46 24 or by e-mail to info@izoder.org.tr.

When you call İZODER, you will be offered solutions to your problem. When you decide to have insulation application, İZODER members contact you and request an appointment. After your building is inspected free of charge, an offer is prepared for the cost of the application. It remains to choose the appropriate ones from you İZODER members.

10- How can I reach publications where I can get information about insulation?

You can reach the technical information about the insulation through the İZOLASYON DÜNYASI magazine which is published every 2 months by İZODER and İZODER's official website www.izoder.org.tr. You can subscribe to the magazine by calling İZODER or filling the form on the web page. ISOLATION WORLD magazine will be delivered to the address you specify.

RIGHT KNOWN ERRORS

WRONG: We feel the noise of the neighboring apartment in our house, but there is nothing to do.

CORRECT: You can prevent the noise of your neighbor by applying sound insulation between two apartments.

FALSE: Sound insulation can be made with products made of polystyrene foam.

CORRECT: Closed porous polystyrene materials are heat insulation materials. They are not sound-absorbing materials. Open pore materials (such as mineral wool, very low density polyurethane) are used for sound insulation. Closed porous materials, such as polyethylene foam, can be used under screed and parquet to cut the vibration in the impact sound.

WRONG: Triple insulation glasses provide better sound insulation.

TRUE: The noise control performance of the triple insulating glass units is not better than that of the double insulating units. Practical way of sound insulation; to increase the thickness of the glass and the use of specially prepared insulating glass units. In double insulating glass units, the choice of different glass thicknesses or the laminating of one of the glasses contributes to noise control. It is possible to use specially developed acoustic laminated glasses for better noise insulation as a single panel or in the insulating glass unit. The thickness and combination of glass should be selected according to the type and intensity of the noise.

FALSE: No sound insulation can be provided between floors.

CORRECT: Sound insulation to the floor is reduced by reducing the passage of air noise (speech, music, etc.) and impact sound (footstep, item drag sound, etc.) between the floors.

WRONG: If I live in the city center I will never have a quiet house.

CORRECT: With the measures that can be taken, you can have a house that is substantially free of neighboring and environmental noise.

FALSE: I can apply sound insulation on my own or through familiar craftsmen.

CORRECT: Your building must be inspected by experts and sound insulation applications for the solution of your problem should be done by insulation companies that have knowledge about it. You can reach these companies through İZODER.


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What is Sound Insulation?

In parallel with the developing technology, noise problems may arise with the lightening of the building elements. For this reason, knowing the behavior of the structural elements against the sound rays can prevent the subsequent occurrence of expensive and difficult to compensate situations. The measures taken to reduce the amounts of these sounds transmitted through the building elements are called ilen Sound Insulation..
unwanted and evoked uncomfort feeling sounds are called noise. Sound insulation; These are the applications made with the aim of protecting the environment from the harmful effects of noise by isolating the living environment from unwanted sounds, reducing the noise emitted from noisy areas and creating suitable usage conditions in places such as cinema and recording studio.

What happens if we do not have sound insulation?
Noise causes many health problems. Even if human beings are accustomed to noise over time, their harm will continue to increase. Moreover, hearing loss due to noise is not treated with medication or surgical intervention. Permanent hearing loss (deafness) occurs especially in long-term exposure to high noise. In addition, the productivity of the employees in industrial facilities such as the factory decreases and occupational accidents occur as a result of their distraction.

Where should sound insulation be made?
Sound insulation;
• In areas that need to be protected from the harmful effects of noise (houses, schools, hospitals, dormitories, hotels, work places, etc.)
• In areas where the noise they emit to the environment should be prevented (generator, booster, heater, entertainment places with high sound level, etc.)
• The condition of use should be made in sound-dependent areas (cinema, theater, concert and conference hall, TV and sound recording studio etc.).

How is sound insulation done?
Sound insulation should be considered when planning the structure. In addition, when determining the elements such as walls, floors, ceilings, glass and woodwork, materials with high sound insulation should be used. By using sound insulation material, the passage of lower and upper floor sounds is prevented by passing through neighboring walls.

For insulation of partition elements in the structure
• To increase the density of building elements.
• Double layer wall application.
• To apply double glass and laminated glass in glass areas.
• Use thick, heavy and gapless doors. Take precautions if not available.
• Preventing sound leakage through ventilation ducts, pipes and gaps that pass through walls.
• Floating flooring applications against impact sound (neoprene, polyethylene, rockwool flooring details), flexible fixing suspended ceiling should be applied ...


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Radio Room Sound Insulation

Professional work in radio rooms occurs only through sound insulation. The sound quality is improved if sound insulation is made. Radio is a professional field of activity broadcasting live. For this reason, we make sound insulation and acoustic arrangements in order to prevent problems such as echo and to prevent external sounds during broadcasting.

In radio rooms, the quantity should be determined first. Once determined, the environment is explored by our technical team and work is carried out to solve the acoustic problem in the environment. After the necessary work is done, how much material should be used and how much amount of the price will be answered. After the materials are determined, acoustic sound insulation installation of the environment starts.

You can use spongepan, barrier spongepan and acoustic sponge with barrier for sound insulation in radio rooms. You can use special vibration-absorbing rubber sheet and cork rubber for floor.

You can use decorative acoustic sponges, fireproof acoustic sponges, colored techno touch sponges, baffles, floating ceiling, fabric covered panel, diffuser, basotect sponge, acoustic carpet for acoustic arrangements.

Sales of sound insulation materials are also available in our Izmir-Bornova branch. We sell both application and material. You can call us for more information: 0232 373 25 35


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Construction Noise Danger Bells Ring!

Nerve disorder, fear, uneasiness, fatigue and slowing down in mental effects… These are not signs of a disease, just a few of the effects of noise on human health, and in Europe there are 10,000 deaths per year for these reasons. increasing construction noise will adversely affect the health of the population with the urban transformation in Turkey.

In order to draw attention to the negative impact of noise on human health and raise awareness on this issue, Wednesday, which coincides with the last week of April, has been announced as the “International Noise Awareness” day since 1996 with the initiative of the Hearing and Communication Center (CHC). The aim is to make the public aware of the negative impact of loud sound on human health and comfort, with the exception of being “deaf işitme and indifferent to hearing loss. Many events will be organized on the “International Noise Awareness” day, which will be held on April 26th this year, and the importance of the issue will be highlighted.

With the urban transformation, metropolitan cities, especially Istanbul, became construction sites. To the right of the houses to be built on the left of the house will be affected by the noise too much, as the biggest difficulty in urban transformation. Next to our house, on the next street, at the bottom of our workplace, even the road between the house-work is always construction. With the spring months, construction works will accelerate and this will bring intense noise.

One of the most important problems related to noise is the construction noise, given the fact that urban transformation will last for many years. Before the sound reaches us in case of noise, it is basically more effective and economical to prevent it at its source. This can be implemented with encouraging, compelling rules and regulations.

Effects of loud sound on human health

İZODER held for the first time last year by experts on the issues of noise impacts on human health in Soundproofing Summit in Turkey told depth. Emphasizing that noise is a problem affecting everyone without exception, Psychologist İrem Erdem Atak said, en The most obvious effects of noise are discomfort, distress and tension. Nervous disturbance due to noise, fear, anxiety, fatigue and slowing of mental effects are recognized as important symptoms. Suddenly rising noise levels can also create fear in people. Moreover, the noise can impair sleep quality. Difficulty falling asleep, waking up during sleep, getting up too early and feeling insomnia in general are important effects. In addition, noise is a condition that affects everyday performance. In general, communication difficulties may occur. Noise can also impair performance in reading and learning. Activities and learning that require attention, force memory, especially language and listening-speaking are adversely affected. Noise that plays a role in disrupting word memory; it creates difficulties in the functioning of intellectual activities. On the other hand, it negatively affects problem solving skills. Noise can also reduce work efficiency. Studies on the effects of work efficiency and productivity have shown that the complex environment should be quiet and the simple environment should be somewhat noisy. In situations where there is more noise than it should be in the working life, it is difficult to do the work on time and to do the job correctly; occupational accidents are happening çek.

There is legal regulation

According to Article 23 of Environmental Law No. 2872, Regulation on Assessment of Environmental Noise, rules for noise level and noise prevention from construction sites to the environment have been determined. An item stating the hour interval with this weight, on the other hand, complaints about the conditions worked and disturbed outside the specified hours can be made to the Provincial Directorates of Environment and Urbanization and the Municipalities. Alo 181 Environment and Urbanism line, which transmits environmental complaints such as air, water, soil, waste pollution as well as noise complaints, can be made.

Those who do not comply with the noise level and noise rules spread to the environment from construction sites are fined in certain amounts as per the Environmental Law. The amount of this penalty, which was determined as 12 thousand TL in the law, was 24 thousand 546 TL for the year 2016. On the Ministry's website, the following information is provided about the course of complaints: esinde In the evaluation of any complaints submitted to the competent unit; 1. A preliminary elimination process is carried out to determine whether the complaint is to be handled under the Regulation on Assessment and Management of Environmental Noise. (Ex: Neighbor noise is outside the scope of the regulation is not carried out by the competent unit within this framework.) whether there is a violation. ”

Dams, roads, bridges, tunnels, such as the public interest in the construction activities can be done at night. However, this is decided by the Provincial Local Environmental Board and if necessary, this board can change the working hours considering the complaints.

Working on Sound Insulation Regulation

Undersecretary of the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization Dr. Mustafa Öztürk said, ık We have started a series of studies on how to reduce noise pollution in buildings. We need to prepare plans and guidance documents on this subject and raise public awareness about the negative effects of noise on the citizen. We need to develop systems where we create the right projecting, right materials, right labor and right financing models. Regarding noise pollution, we will try to build livable, quality buildings by putting people in the center with the Ministry and related stakeholders. We will soon publish the final version of the draft regulation at the end of the negotiations. The regulation should also be applicable. Insulation is an important factor that provides economic benefit to improve the quality of life of the society and the individual. We are conducting projects supported by the EU to minimize the noise pollution caused by transportation. ”

IZODER Vice Chairman Ertugrul Sen said that they found the draft Yönetmelik Regulation on the Protection of Buildings from Noise and Sound Insulation ğı prepared by the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization very important. According to the new regulation, all buildings under construction and existing are introduced with noise criteria to protect the physical and mental health of people. ”

Traffic noise in Europe

The main source of noise in Turkey, while construction and traffic, noise occurs in Europe iseçevresel with the most traffic noise.

Sound specialist Birgit Rasmussen, a senior research fellow at the Danish Building Research Institute at SBi, Aalborg University in Copenhagen, says that noise causes serious health problems, from discontent, discomfort and sleep splits to blood pressure, cholesterol and heart disease. Birgit Rasmussen stated that some of them had an indirect effect. While traffic noise has a direct impact on human health, the effects of neighboring noise are more difficult to detect. ”

Rasmussen summarizes the effects of noise in Europe with the following striking results:

There are 125 million people exposed to L> 55 dB sound pressure levels.
20 million adults are uncomfortable.
8 million people suffer from sleep disorders.
And in Europe there are 10,000 deaths per year for this reason.
There are more than 900 thousand hypertension cases and 43 thousand people are applying for hospitalization.
When these data are considered, traffic noise emerges as a public health problem. Accordingly, in Europe, the Environmental Noise Regulation (END 2002/49) introduces strategic noise maps and action plans that are repeated every five years with a focus on public information and consultation. Research on neighboring noise from three countries (Germany, the UK and the Netherlands) shows that neighboring noise significantly deteriorates the quality of life of nearly 50 million people.

As a result of another general survey conducted in 28 countries in Europe, noise is a problem that negatively affects the comfort of life by 19 percent. Birgit Rasmussen said, isten The presence of sounds, the inability to hear unwanted sounds and the activities that can be carried out without disturbing other people can be created by providing the appropriate environment. It focuses on air, impact-induced sound insulation, noise from traffic or external sources, noise from building equipment and devices, and ringing time (reverberation or reflection time). ”


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WHAT IS SOUND INSULATION?

SOUND INSULATION
We generally call noise that we don't want to hear or disturb us.
Sound Insulation is an application made with the aim of isolating the place in which we are in unwanted sounds, avoiding the disturbance caused by noise, reducing the sound emitted from the noise source and creating suitable sound conditions in cinema, sound recording studios, entertainment venues and similar places.

NOISE PROTECTION
Noise, one of the most important sources of stress, has psychological and physical detrimental effects on people.
The main problems that can be encountered when the noise is avoided are as follows:
Frayed temper,
Difficulty in perception,
decrease in productivity,
insomnia,
disorders of the circulatory system,
hearing loss in the ears.

WHAT HAPPENS IF WE DO NOT DO SOUND INSULATION?
There will be some detrimental effects on continuous exposure to noise in daily life.
Particularly, permanent hearing loss due to noise cannot be treated by medical intervention.
In addition, working under excessive noise in factories and similar work places may cause loss of work efficiency.

WHERE MUST SOUND INSULATION?
- In areas that need to be protected from the harmful effects of noise (houses, schools, hospitals, dormitories, hotels, work places, etc.)
- In areas where the noise they emit to the environment should be prevented (generator, booster, heater, entertainment places with high sound level, etc.)
- The condition of use should be made in sound-dependent areas (cinema, theater, concert and conference hall, TV and sound recording studio etc.).


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What is Sound Insulation?

What is Sound Insulation? | Sound Insulation How?
The physical event that occurs when a source that creates a vibration is dispersed in the air is called sound. Soundproofing prevents noise from the use of low-noise or high-noise materials. It is important for everyone to use wherever necessary to make life easier for people. It is absolutely necessary to use sound insulation in social areas. Nowadays, noise insulation materials that prevent noise are produced with advanced technology.

Sound insulation is the type of insulation made to minimize the negative effects of sound. The purpose of sound insulation is to control the propagation of sound in the environment. When sound is propagated in an environment, it behaves like any other physical event when there is an obstacle. So part of the sound is reflected back by multiplying. One part is swallowed by the obstacle located in front. A part of the obstacle in front of the other side passes. Therefore, each material has a sound absorption potential. The materials with the highest sound absorption potential are used for sound insulation.

Where is sound insulation done?
Sound insulation is preferred in work environments such as hospitals, schools and residences where the noise is intense, such as the factory.

Entertainment places, central heating, booster, generator, boat engines and so on. For example; movie theaters, concert halls, theater halls, conference halls, sound recording studios and so on.

Sound Insulation How?
Sound insulation applications are among the applications made to effect the spread of sound complexes. It is recommended to use sound proof materials or materials that provide less sound transmission when soundproofing. In extremely noisy environments, the use of insulating materials prevents noise, which means effective sound insulation. You can provide sound interruption in many areas with sound insulation materials that prevent direct sound transmission without spreading the sound waves.
Sound insulation applications, including the measures taken to minimize harmful effects on human beings, are basically known. A more peaceful environment can be achieved with sound insulation applications that provide an effective solution in sound transmission. In areas where urbanization is unplanned, noise has a negative impact on human health and comfort. Traffic sounds, heavy noise in the residential area around the airport, seller sounds, speeches from neighbors can be perceived by people as different doses of noise.
In some areas, low sound level is one of the requirements of the job. Radio broadcasting and music studios need to be low in volume, to create a quiet and peaceful environment for patients in a hospital, the outside of the school building is a problem that needs to be solved.


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What is Sound Insulation?

In parallel with the developing technology, noise problems may arise with the lightening of the structural elements. For this reason, knowing the behavior of the structural elements against the sound rays can prevent them from staying in expensive and difficult to compensate situations. The measures taken to reduce the amount of these sounds transmitted through the structural elements are called “Sound Insulation..
Unwanted and evoked uncomfort feeling sounds are called noise. Sound insulation; are used to protect the environment from the harmful effects of noise by isolating the living environment from unwanted sounds, to reduce the noise emitted from noisy areas and to create suitable usage conditions in places such as cinema and recording studio.

What happens if we do not have sound insulation?
Noise causes many health problems. Even if people have been proving noise over time, their harm will continue to increase. Moreover, hearing loss due to noise is not treated with medication or surgical intervention. Permanent hearing loss (health) occurs, especially in long-term exposure to high noise. In addition, the productivity of the employees in industrial plants such as the factory decreases and occupational accidents occur as a result of their distraction.

Where should sound insulation be made?
Sound insulation;
• In areas that need to be protected from the harmful effects of noise (houses, schools, hospitals, dormitories, hotels, work places, etc.)
• In areas where the noise they emit to the environment should be prevented (generator, booster, heater, entertainment places with high sound level, etc.)
• It should be used in sound-dependent areas (cinema, theater, concert and conference hall, TV and sound recording studio, etc.).

How is sound insulation done?
Sound insulation must be considered when planning the structure. In addition, materials with high sound insulation should be used when determining the elements such as walls, floors, ceilings, glass and chopping. The use of sound insulation material prevents the passage of lower and upper floor sounds and the noise passing through neighboring walls.

For insulating partition elements in the structure
• To increase the density of the structural elements.
• Double wall application.
• To apply double glass and laminated glass in glass areas.
• Use thick, heavy and gapless doors. Take precautions if not available.
• Sound leakage through ventilation ducts, pipes and the spaces around

What are the benefits of sound insulation for the country?
Noise constitutes an important problem as a dimension of environmental pollution in our age and causes many health problems whose cause cannot be determined at first. Sound insulation works and noise control, healthy and peaceful individuals, a clean environment, attention and work efficiency by increasing the prevention of occupational accidents is of great importance for both our country and our people.


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Sound and noise levels, laws and regulations

There are many regulations that regulate the permitted noise levels in the workplace. In Europe, workplace noise is regulated by the EU Directive 2006/42 / EC, and in the United States by the OSHA standard 1910.95 Occupational Noise. OSHA is composed of the initials of Occupational Safety and Health Administration, the federal agency responsible for the implementation of occupational health and safety in the United States. There are also countries with stricter national standards than those specified in EU directives or OSHA.

Laws and regulations

The EU Directive 2006/42 / EC and the OSHA 1910.95 “Occupational noise exposure” directives in the United States are examples of regulations for the management of workplace noise. OSHA “Occupational Safety and Health Administration” is the abbreviation of “Occupational Safety and Health Administration olan, the federal unit responsible for ensuring the implementation of occupational health and safety legislation in the USA. Some countries have even more stringent national requirements than those specified in the EU Directives or OSHA.

Under the EU directive, environmental requirements should be met for the lowest possible noise level, especially in light of technological advances and possibilities to control noise at the sound source. In order to overcome these rules, the reasons must be investigated. A timetable for the action plan should be formulated and implemented. Noise exposure should be reduced as much as possible below the values ​​specified in practice.

Employees should receive sufficient information about the levels and measures taken. Information about the necessity of wearing ear plugs and the risk of hearing loss that may be exposed should be provided.

Machinery and technical equipment should be designed according to the latest technical developments to reduce noise. It is therefore important to monitor technological advances in noise control. Reducing noise directly from the source of noise is often the most efficient and economical method.

When determining the lowest applicable level of noise exposure, it is important to consider the latest technical developments and possibilities for limiting noise.

Under the EU Directive, previous references can now be used for the economic feasibility of noise prevention measures. One objective of the EU Directive is to prevent companies and countries from increasing their competitiveness through a weak working environment.

National and international regulations


Almost all regulations regarding workplace noise indicate that exposure to noise should be limited to a maximum sound level of 85 to 90 dB (A) Leq for eight hours. This limitation is based on the guidelines of the International 1999: 1990 ISO standards.

The European Directive 2003/10 / EC defines the maximum limit for exposure to workplace noise at 87 dB (A) Leq for an eight-hour working day.

The US allows 90 dB (A) and an exchange rate of 5 dB (A) for an eight-hour day, while France, Sweden, Norway, New Zealand and Spain have 85 dB (A) for an eight-hour day. and a change rate of 3 dB (A). A change rate of 3 dB (A) means that the time that a person can be exposed to noise is halved if the sound level exceeds 3 dB (A).

In the UK, in the 2005 labor law, noise control is limited to 87 dB (A) Leq for eight hours in accordance with the EU Directive.

As it is known, developing countries adopted laws and regulations determined by developed countries without making any big calculations for local conditions. For example, India set the noise exposure limit to 90 dB (A) on an eight-hour working day in 1948, but all factories in India have 6 working days per week. Total exposure to noise is 48 hours per week. As a result, the total exposure time is higher than the approved limit in developed countries.

OSHA 1910.95 determines the values ​​of exposure to noise in workplaces. The limits are based on the weighted average of a worker's working time of eight hours a day. OSHA has established a maximum exposure limit (PEL) of 90 dB (A) for all employees working eight hours a day. These levels are applied with a change rate of 5 dB (A).

The National Institute of Occupational Health and Safety (NIOSH) in the United States states that the equivalent noise level a worker is exposed to should be limited to 85 dB (A) for an eight-hour working day to minimize the risk of hearing damage. Based on updated literature studies, NIOSH has found significant hearing loss that may occur even at levels in line with OSHA PEL. NIOSH recommends an increase rate of 3 dB (A); thus, each increase in 3dB (A) halves the allowable exposure time.

Example: OSHA permits eight hours of exposure time for a noise level of 90 dB (A), and only two hours for 100 dB (A). NIOSH recommends limiting exposure to noise below 85 dB (A) to eight hours. For 100 dB (A), it recommends a daily exposure time of less than fifteen minutes.

In 1981, OSHA introduced new requirements to protect workers in the manufacturing industry. Where the worker is exposed to a weighted equivalent noise level of 85 dB (A) or more during an eight-hour shift, the employer must implement a hearing protection program. Employers should measure noise levels, provide annual hearing tests free of charge, provide hearing protection and practice, and additionally assess safety measures unless workers are confident that they are exposed to levels below 85 dB (A) by changing their work practices, tools and equipment.


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SOUND INSULATION

1. WHAT IS SOUND INSULATION?

We live in housing, school, workplace and so on. to prevent the harmful effects of noise by isolating buildings and the environment from unwanted noises; Recording studios, cinema, concert hall etc. to create the necessary usage conditions by isolating the spaces from unwanted sounds; generator, booster, heater etc. yapılan Sound insulation ara is the applications made with the aim of isolating noisy spaces and reducing the noise they emit to the environment.

Sound insulation basically covers the measures to be taken to minimize the harmful effects of noise on human beings. Noise is an undesirable set of undesirable sound that has different frequency components and is often variable over time.

Especially in areas where urbanization is unplanned, noise is one of the factors damaging human health and comfort. Disturbing noises from a surrounding factory, severe noise in the residential area around the airport, vendor voices, traffic noises, conversations from the neighbor can be disturbing by people perceiving it as different doses of noise.

In some areas, low volume is one of the most important requirements of the job. The sound level in radio broadcasting and music studios should be low, create a quiet and peaceful environment for patients in a hospital, cut out the noise coming from outside the school, building are the problems to be solved during the construction phase. In order to provide a peaceful environment in buildings, it is necessary to struggle with noise.

Two methods are mainly used to combat noise. Acoustic regulation and sound insulation. Acoustic regulation is the regulation of the reflection time in the indoor environment. Sound insulation, on the other hand, is the amount of sound transmitted by building elements.
to reduce the process.
2. ADVANTAGES OF SOUND INSULATION

2.1. Sound Insulation Provides Healthy and Comfortable Environments

Noise is undesirable and uncomfortable for our comfort. In addition to this disorder, it has negative effects on individuals in terms of psychological, physiological and performance. Noise, behavior disorders, decrease in working efficiency, hearing loss, tinnitus and some psychological diseases may be the cause.

30-65 dBA First Degree Noise

discomfort
Discomfort
Sense of boredom
Anger
Concentration disorder
Sleeping disorder

65-90 dBA II. Noise of Degree

Physiological noise
Change of heart rate
Acceleration of respiration
Decreased pressure in the brain

90-120 dBA III. Noise of Degree

Physiological noise
Headache

120-140 dBA IV. Noise of Degree

Physiological noise
Headache

140 dBA V. Degree of Noise

Eruption of the eardrum

2.2.Sound Insulation Makes People Efficient

Noise as a result of the factory and so on. the productivity of workers in industrial plants is reduced, their attention is distracted and as a result occupational accidents occur. Decreasing work efficiency due to noise can also harm institutions economically. A similar effect is seen on students studying. Students who are exposed to noise cannot understand the information efficiently because their concentration is distorted by distracting them. Research on the inhabitants of Munich Airport concluded that aircraft noise reduced children's long-term recall and comprehension skills. People need to be purified from noise by sound insulation in order to continue their activities efficiently.

3. SOUND INSULATION MATERIALS

I. Building Insulation

Wall, Flooring, Roof Applications:
Glasswool, wool, wood wool, soft polyurethane based foams, melamine foam, felts, perforated metals, perforated wood, perforated gypsum boards, cork. Upholstery Applications (for the prevention of impact sound only):
Polyethylene, rubber foam, textile waste materials.

II. Insulation Glass Units
Acoustic Laminated Glass Solutions

III. Technical (Industrial) Insulation
Glasswool, wool, polyethylene, polyurethane, rubber foam, springs, hangers, silencers and so on.
4.EFFECTIVE STANDARDS AND LEGISLATIONS RELATED TO SOUND INSULATION

TS 901 (01.11.1972): Fiber Heat and Sound Insulation Material
TS EN ISO 140-1 (18.03.2002): Acoustics - Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and structural elements - Part 1: Requirements for laboratory test sites with suppressed side conduction
TS EN ISO 140-3 (16.01.1996): Acoustics - Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and structural elements - Part 3: Measurement of airborne sound insulation values ​​in structural elements in laboratory
TS ISO 140-4 (16.01.1996): Acoustics - Measurement of Sound Insulation in Buildings and Structural Elements - Part 4: Area Measurements of Airborne Sound Insulation Between Rooms
TS ISO 140-5 (16.01.1996): Measurement of Sound Insulation in Acoustic Structures and Structural Elements - Part 5: Field Measurements of Airborne Sound Insulation of Exterior Facade Cladding Elements and Exterior Facade Claddings (in Turkish)
TS EN ISO 140-6 (18.03.2002): Acoustics - Measurement of Sound Insulation in Buildings and Structural Elements - Part 6: Laboratory Measurements of Impact Sound Insulation of Soils
Acoustics - Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and structural elements - Part 12: Laboratory measurements of sound insulation spreading between rooms by air and impact in a transportable ground floor TS EN ISO 140-12 (01.04.2002).
TS EN 20140-2 (16.01.1996): Acoustics - Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and structural elements - Part 2: Determination, verification and application of precision information
TS EN 20140-9 (16.01.1996): Acoustics - Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and structural elements Part 9: Laboratory measurements of sound-emitting sound from room to room on a suspended ceiling filled with an upper filler
TS EN 20140-10 (16.01.1996): Acoustics - Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and structural elements - Part 10: Laboratory measurements of airborne sound insulation in small building elements
TS EN 12758 (11.11.2002): Glass - Used in buildings - Glass systems and airborne sound insulation - Properties, definitions and determination

4.1. Current rules for sound insulation

TS 2381 (05.04.1976): Evaluation of Sound Insulation in Houses
Mel Regulation on Assessment and Management of Environmental Noise 2002/49 an published in the Official Gazette no 25862 dated July 1, 2005 ”
Mel Health and Safety Regulation on Construction Works an published in the Official Gazette No. 25325 dated 23 December 2003 ”

“Vibration Regulation yayımlan published in the Official Gazette No. 25325 dated 23 December 2003
Igi Regulation on Health and Safety Conditions in the Use of Work Equipment ’published in the Official Gazette No. 25370 dated February 11, 2004
Yonetmelik Regulation on the Use of Personal Protective Equipment in the Workplace an published in the Official Gazette No. 25370 dated February 11, 2004
Yonetmelik Regulation on Procedures and Principles of Occupational Health and Safety Training of Employees ’published in the Official Gazette No. 25426 dated 07 April 2004”


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What is Electronic Noise?

In the electronic world, noise is a general name given to the fluctuations caused by unwanted signals that interfere with the signal to be transmitted. What are the causes of electronic noise, also known as interference? What varieties are there? Details in our article.

What is Electronic Noise?

In general, the concept of noise in electronic circuits can be defined as unwanted signal confusion. Especially in electronic-communication technology and high-frequency RF (radio frequency) circuits, signals are transmitted using a conductor and electromagnetic waves.

However, a continuous unwanted component is present on this transmitted signal. This component is sometimes too small to be noticed, and sometimes it can be annoyingly high. Such situations are also known as parasites among the public.

What are the causes of noise?
1) Space Noise: The source of this noise, also known as galactic noise, is completely sun. It is known that various spots and stars in the sky create noise.

However, thanks to the magnetic wave reflector of the ionosphere, frequencies lower than 15 MHz are not effective in the world. We can only overcome this kind of noise, which sometimes creates great danger for space vehicles, only with protected circuits.

2) Atmospheric Noise: There is a constant static electricity between the clouds and the cloud-ground. According to reports, 100 lightning per second is happening worldwide. Discharge is more effective at low frequencies.

3) Industrial Noise: Factory, workshop, transformer etc. There is an electronic noise generated by every vehicle that uses electricity. Especially in industrial areas this amount of noise is very high.

4) Thermal Noise: It is the type of noise that occurs as a result of the movement of electrons in the conductive material depending on the temperature and is independent of the welding voltage.

5) Other Electronic Noise: Noise generated by active electronic devices.

What is Network Noise?

Electronic circuits generally use rectified mains electricity as a source of energy. However, this does not apply to direct current sources such as batteries or batteries.

On this rectified current there is a small fluctuation of the alternating current. This ripple shows itself as noise in electronic circuits and it is called as hum.

This type of noise, which has amplitude greater than other types of noise, does not have much negative effect on electronic circuits as the frequency is 50 Hz.

What are Noise Units?

Noise is measured in power units, ie watts, in the MKS system. The power calculated here is referred to as the average power.

Signal-to-noise ratio is more important than noise expressed in watts. We can define this ratio as the ratio between the noise and the signal to be transmitted.

The presence and magnitude of the noise is usually measured using the Spectrum Analyzer. This software-assisted measurement often achieves accurate results.

How to reduce electronic noise?

Generally, the noise that is tried to be reduced by using CMOS and BJT type transistors can be reduced by many methods. First of all, our circuit must have a very good grounding. It is very important to reduce ripple and ripple formation and hence noise.

Another preferred method of reducing noise is to separate the signals. In this way, the signals are sent to the desired location by using two separate cables. This technique can be used in both analog and digital circuits. Available in speakers, PCI and USB outlets.

Faraday cage is also a system that can eliminate the electronic noise almost completely. In addition, if the cables are protected and insulated very well, noise will be reduced.

Electronic noise does not always create a negative situation. Noise is used in circuits with functions such as random number generation and vibration.


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Sneaky Danger - NOISE POLLUTION

Controlling noise is a system problem that can be addressed and resolved in terms of the source of noise, the environment in which it is spread (indoor and outdoor environment) and the people and other living things affected by it, and it requires cooperation between various disciplines.

Sudden sounds that occur at a high frequency, which can cause discomfort and change frequency, are not called melodies because they do not have a melody. Noise; water, air and soil pollution. The concept of noise control in the world dates back to the 1950s.

Noise sources according to noise propagation paths; internal noise and external noise.

External Noise Sources
- Transportation noise,
- Industrial noise,
- Construction noise,
- Recreation noise,
- Noises for entertainment and commercial purposes.

NOISE POLLUTION IS THE FIRST RANK OF OTHER POLLUTION TYPES IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES. ACCORDING TO OTHER POLLUTION TYPES; THE MOST WIDE, THE MOST IMPACT OF PEOPLE AND THE HARDEST SOLUTION IS NOISE POLLUTION.

Determinants of Sound (Frequency and Intensity)
The two main determinants of sound are its frequency and intensity. The sound intensity is directly related to the mechanical pressure reaching the eardrum and is measured in decibels (dB). Our ear detects sounds between 0-140 dB. Frequency is the number of vibrations per second and the unit is Hertz (hz). The human ear can hear sounds ranging from 20 to 20,000 Hertz. The ones below this are called ultrasonic sounds and the ones above it are called ultrasonic sounds. Although these sounds cannot be heard by the human ear, they cause nausea, headache and restlessness.

The range of speech tone ranges from 500-2,000 Hz. According to international standards, the noise level that damages the hearing system is 100-10,000 Mhz and 85 dB. The limit to which one has difficulty understanding everyday conversations from a distance of 1.5 meters is considered as the noise level. In the last 10-15 years, it has been found that the noise ratio has increased by 15-20 dB in big cities.

Unusual sounds are tolerated less than 32 by the sounds of someone else and the sounds made by ourselves and by others. The sound should not exceed 30 dB for a comfortable sleep. The alarm clock equals 70 dB for a normal conversation.

Usually ear
Detects 0-140 dB,
Uncomfortable at 120 dB,
Hears pain at 125-130 dB,
140 dB’ pain and tear of the eardrum occurs.
People cannot stand 170 dB and above.

The duration of exposure to sound as well as the intensity of the sound affects people. The contact can last up to 8 hours at 90 dB, 4 hours at 93 dB, 2 hours at 96 dB, 1 hour at 99 dB.

Normally, the sound we hear around us should not be more than 30-60 dB. The distinction between sound and noise may vary between people. A sound that some people listen to as music is disturbing and perceived as noise.

Noise pollution ranks first among other types of pollution in European countries. According to other pollution types; The most common pollution that affects people the most and is the most difficult to solve is noise pollution.

Researches on noise have started in the 1970s in our country and many researches have been made on this issue in our country as in the whole world. As a result of these studies, among the environmental noise, the most common and most disturbing noise is; motor vehicle traffic noise has proven to be. In the second place, indoor noise comes. The second row in external environmental noise; airplane and airport noise.

Negative Effects of Noise
The World Health Organization has identified noise pollution as a risk factor for human health. These risks include; deterioration of hearing health (especially for workplace noise), hearing loss due to noise, physiological influences (high blood pressure, heart problems, metabolism and respiratory system disorders, premature births and infant deaths, sleep disturbance, stress) and psychological problems. influences (behavioral disorders, aggressive behaviors, general discontent, feelings of distress, sudden anger) are examples.

The effects of noise on human activities, especially job performance, are undeniably important. Decrease in work efficiency, lack of concentration, decreased mental performance in schools, learning difficulties in children can be counted among them. Especially the negative effects on the elderly and sick people are more dominant.
Impact according to personal characteristics; 20% of people are hypersensitive to noise. The hearing function may deteriorate more quickly after the age of 40. Women are more affected by high frequency sounds than men. Previous diseases and traumas in the inner ear increase the rate of noise. Being in a noisy environment before will accelerate hearing loss.

People are not the only ones affected by noise. The ecosystem also suffers from this danger. Rapid access roads, airways, railways and uncontrolled construction through natural sites have negative effects on natural life in various ways.

Noise Reduction and Prevention
In 1910, Robert Koch's prediction that savaş there will be days of war with noise like cholera and plague ”has been realized today. The efforts to win this war; the world's population, unplanned urbanization, increasing transport density, noisy machinery and equipment, and measures in the industry are carried out for many reasons.

Controlling noise is a system problem that can be addressed and resolved in terms of the source of noise, the environment in which it is spread (indoor and outdoor environment) and the people and other living things affected by it, and it requires cooperation between various disciplines. However, the subject; technology and planning as well as social, legal and economic dimensions.

Technical studies under the name of noise control engineering for reducing and preventing noise are considered in many aspects within the scope of “noise management içinde within the general environmental protection strategies of the countries.

In recent years, for the purpose of protection from environmental noise in the world; planning of “calm areas de in cities, efforts to create acceptable“ sound universe ıyla by emphasizing local, characteristic, social, cultural and natural sounds, creation of “calm facades da in buildings, detection of high-noise areas with the help of noise maps, noise-induced health issues such as quantitative assessments of risks, benefit / cost analyzes of measures to be taken are on the agenda. Solving noise problems; specific strategies and policies, and the preparation of effective and feasible action plans.

Depending on the development of technology, there are also areas where noise control works are successful. Less noisy aircraft, quieter motor vehicles, trains, noise-reducing pavements, silent tires, silent rails, quieter domestic vehicles and machinery are examples.

Noise Pollution in Turkey
1982 Regulation on Noise Control ’published in 1986 within the scope of Environmental Law published in 1982; In 2007, a new regulation was prepared under the name “Assessment and Management of Environmental Noise altında, which also required noise maps and action plans. In accordance with this regulation, noise maps are prepared in cities and action plans are prepared. Various certificate programs have been established to train the personnel who will take part in the studies to be carried out, work in the noise pollution assessments of the EIA reports and conduct audits and measurements against complaints.

On the other hand, in 2017, the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization issued a report on the measures to be taken against the noise generated by the external environment and the internal noise; “Protection of Buildings Against Noise”. The control of the buildings during the construction process starting from the project design phase and the post-construction evaluation are discussed in detail in the regulation. As a result of the studies carried out between the European Union countries, the regulation which includes the issue of ak Acoustic Classification of Buildings an published as an International Standard; This includes the measures to be taken for houses, schools, hospitals, hotels and all kinds of public buildings. Noise and vibration control is required for external structural elements (façades, windows, roof), separating inner partition elements (walls and floors), installation centers, ventilation ducts and installation elements, and limit values ​​are given for the applications. Acoustic evaluation of the buildings and obtaining a certificate was ensured with the help of performance tests when required.

It is known that the noise intensities are quite high especially in our big cities and are above the limits determined by the World Health Organization.

According to the World Health Organization, one in three people in Europe are affected by traffic noise. This effect causes insufficient sleep and a significant decrease in the performance of the person during the day and additional costs such as time and money in the health system.

Avoiding Noise Pollution
People are advised to choose residential areas away from heavy traffic, have a sound level of about 35dB in the bedroom during the night and a sound level of about 40dB during the day. They are also advised to avoid prolonged use of earphones and use ear plugs when exposed to high noise levels. It should be remembered that noise has a high and lasting effect on both our mental and physical health.


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Noise Pollution in the Ocean

We have all heard of noise pollution. What is noise pollution in the oceans, how does it occur and how does it affect living things? Global warming and overfishing are among the biggest threats to the oceans. Recently, the sounds under the ocean are almost identical to the noise of a city. So the oceans now also face noise pollution.


WHAT IS NOISE POLLUTION?


Noise pollution or sound pollution is any kind of human, animal or machine originated sound that affects human or animal life negatively and destabilizes it. The noise pollution in the oceans is unfortunately caused by people. There are three main sources of noise pollution in the oceans…


First; ships. Sound waves emitted from the engines or propellers of commercial ships moving in the water are spreading deep.


The second factor causing noise pollution; oil and gas exploration. The sound of the cannons used in drilling turns water into war zones.


Other threat to the oceans; Military exercises. The navies use low and medium frequency sound waves to detect the objects around them. For example, a military ship that wants to check if there is a submarine around it sends a 230-decibel sound wave to the sea. This sound continues to emit vibration for 100 seconds.


Marine Mammals Affected


Noise generated by these effects affects marine mammals the most. According to research, whales or dolphins cannot use the communication senses they use to survive because of the sound pollution they are exposed to, so they cannot find their spouses to reproduce or the food they need to survive.
In addition, whale or dolphin flocks in recent years, the biggest cause of the mass ashore is thought to be the biggest reason again. Experts, migrating fish encountered by the direction of sound waves emitted by a giant ship stuck in the shallow waters of the direction argues.


WHEN YOU HAVE A ROAD


In Spain, the Technical University of Catalonia explores the sounds of the sea within the framework of listening to the deep ocean environment. The aim of this research is to prevent collisions between whales and large ships. According to researchers 'discovery, the captains of the oil and natural gas explorers in the ocean thought that they could enter the internet system where the whales' voices were broadcast and reduce the noise caused by a whale nearby. However, since there is no legal obstacle to the noise that may occur, respect for the living things of the ocean creatures is left to the initiative of the person and human-oriented activities continue.


Nowadays, there is only light pollution in the sea in the regulations and we hope to determine the parameters related to noise pollution and to establish sustainable working programs in the near future. Otherwise, we will not have a way to stop people from hiding from the public how the natural gas pipeline system in the Black Sea only harms the fish species in the Black Sea.


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EarPlanes (Childrens/Adult Small- 1 pair/package)

QB2HYG? Hearing Bands - quiet bands banded supra-aural hearing pro [Set of 2]

How can sound pollution be reduced?

Warm weather means opening windows and doors, spending most of the day outdoors, on balconies or in gardens. Especially in the summer months, people living in cities understand the extent of sound pollution.

When it comes to environmental pollution, it is not possible to struggle with sound pollution that does not come to mind immediately but can reach the dimensions that will harm people and other living things in big cities. By taking measures against sound pollution, we can minimize this damage from human hands.

The first thing to do to reduce sound pollution is to turn to sound sources. It is possible to use silencers in motor vehicles which have the highest noise source in the city. Of course, the silencer must be installed in all vehicles and arrangements should be made in this direction.

In the construction of tools and machines, the noise ratio should also be reduced by the authorities. In addition to the precautions to be taken in this direction, you can make a choice by looking at the sound levels of the tools and machines you will use.

Legal and public precautions should be taken

The establishment of factories, workshops or workshops with high sound levels in the city should be prohibited. It will be appropriate to move the previously established workplaces away from human settlements and out of the city in order not only to prevent sound pollution but also to harm the environment.

In everyday life, it is also important to adjust the volume of your voice while you are talking to the phone or a relative, turn off your phone's external warning signals, and protect your ears if you are working or living in noisy environments. Prolonged loud sounds can cause hearing loss, as well as unjustified stress, insomnia and irritability.

It is also important that children receive training in sound pollution and ear health. Thus, it will be possible to train individuals who take precautions against sound pollution and know how to protect themselves. Finally, sound insulation in homes and workplaces will increase your living comfort.


34AXX
QB2HYG? Hearing Bands - quiet bands banded supra-aural hearing pro [Set of 2]

Howard Leight by Honeywell Max Lite Low Pressure Disposable Foam Earplugs, 200-Pairs (LPF-1)

Sound Insulation and Acoustics

Sound insulation materials are products that keep the sound at the place where it is formed, prevent the transmission of the sound to the other places of the building and the unwanted sound from the outside into the room.

Sound-absorbing materials, on the other hand, dampen sound waves that vibrate in the environment, reducing acoustic quality, background noise and poor echo. Sound absorber materials are not used alone to prevent sound from penetrating from the outside, but significantly improve the sound quality in the places where it is used.

Sound waves create vibrations on the structural elements between the independent sections and cause sound transmission. The most practical way of preventing sound transmission is to divide the common structural element between the sections with two independent layers and to place sound absorber materials which serve as springs between the two layers. The attenuated sound waves, which can partially pass through the first layer, are absorbed in the sound absorber material to a great extent and the sound transmission is minimized by being exposed to the extra resistance caused by the mass of the second layer. This principle in sound insulation is known as "Mass - Spring - Mass Law".

CelluBOR is one of the most important components in the sound suppression system and is used as sound absorber material. CelluBOR, according to the results of the sound absorption of sound absorption class A class and sound absorption coefficient is 1.0‘. CelluBOR has the ability of soundproofing up to 70 dB according to the experiments to measure the sound insulation emitted by air according to different frequencies when applied in the system with the correct building components. It prevents reverberation and resonance thanks to its irregular and fiber texture. It creates a peaceful and comfortable environment by eliminating noise pollution.



Why is sound insulation necessary?


• Sound insulation is required to prevent noise transmission between neighbors in residential and adjoining houses, to establish comfort in hotels and offices, and to create quiet and peaceful areas.
• According to the Manage Regulation on Protection of Buildings Against Noise an published in the official newspaper, sound insulation is a legal obligation.
• Sometimes even chat or listening music can be heard from adjacent apartments. Sound insulation is required for privacy.
• It is necessary for acoustic regulation that the sound waves coming from the sound source do not reflect back and distort the existing sound in studio environments.
• It is necessary to damp the impact sounds such as mechanical sound before they are transmitted from the source.
• Noise, which can be defined as loud and irregular sound, has a negative impact on human health and the environment. Sound insulation is required for peaceful and healthy environments.
• Decontamination of living spaces makes the sound insulation environment more valuable than others.


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Howard Leight by Honeywell Max Lite Low Pressure Disposable Foam Earplugs, 200-Pairs (LPF-1)

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What is Sound Insulation?

What is Sound Insulation?
In parallel with the developing technology, noise problems may arise with the lightening of the building elements. For this reason, knowing the behavior of the structural elements against the sound rays can prevent the subsequent occurrence of expensive and difficult to compensate situations. The measures taken to reduce the amounts of these sounds transmitted through the building elements are called ilen Sound Insulation..
unwanted and evoked uncomfort feeling sounds are called noise. Sound insulation; These are the applications made with the aim of protecting the environment from the harmful effects of noise by isolating the living environment from unwanted sounds, reducing the noise emitted from noisy areas and creating suitable usage conditions in places such as cinema and recording studio.

What happens if we do not have sound insulation?
Noise causes many health problems. Even if human beings are accustomed to noise over time, their harm will continue to increase. Moreover, hearing loss due to noise is not treated with medication or surgical intervention. Permanent hearing loss (deafness) occurs especially in long-term exposure to high noise. In addition, the productivity of the employees in industrial facilities such as the factory decreases and occupational accidents occur as a result of their distraction.

Where should sound insulation be made?
Sound insulation;
• In areas that need to be protected from the harmful effects of noise (houses, schools, hospitals, dormitories, hotels, work places, etc.)
• In areas where the noise they emit to the environment should be prevented (generator, booster, heater, entertainment places with high sound level, etc.)
• The condition of use should be made in sound-dependent areas (cinema, theater, concert and conference room, TV and sound recording studio etc.).

How is sound insulation done?
Sound insulation should be considered when planning the structure. In addition, when determining the elements such as walls, floors, ceilings, glass and woodwork, materials with high sound insulation should be used. By using sound insulation material, the passage of lower and upper floor sounds is prevented by passing through neighboring walls.

For insulation of partition elements in the structure
• To increase the density of building elements.
• Double layer wall application.
• To apply double glass and laminated glass in glass areas.
• Use thick, heavy and gapless doors. Take precautions if not available.
• Preventing sound leakage through ventilation ducts, pipes and gaps that pass through walls.
• Floating flooring against impact sound (neoprene, polyethylene, rockwool flooring details), flexible fixing suspended ceiling should be applied…

What are the benefits of sound insulation for the country?
Noise constitutes an important problem as a dimension of environmental pollution in our age and causes many health problems whose cause cannot be determined at the first time. Sound insulation and noise control, healthy and peaceful individuals, a clean environment, attention and work efficiency by increasing the prevention of accidents is of great importance for both our country and our people.


31AXX
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