Hyperglycemia and Type 2 Diabetes: Causes, Treatments and Diagnosis
What is hyperglycemia?
High blood sugar or hyperglycemia can cause significant health complications in people with diabetes over time. Several factors may contribute to hyperglycemia, including eating more carbohydrates than normal and being physically less active than normal.
Regular blood sugar testing is very important for diabetics, because many people do not feel high blood sugar symptoms.
What are the symptoms of hyperglycemia?
Short-term symptoms of high blood sugar include:
extreme thirst
excessive urination
Frequent urination at night
Blurred vision
non-healing wounds
tiredness
If you are experiencing symptoms of hyperglycemia, it is important to check your blood sugar levels. Untreated high blood sugar can cause chronic complications such as eye, kidney or heart disease or nerve damage.
The symptoms listed above may develop within a few days or weeks. If the condition is no longer treated, it can become a more serious problem. In general, blood glucose levels of 180 mg / dL appear to be higher after meals - or before eating more than 130 mg / dl. Be sure to check with your doctor to find out your blood sugar goals.
What causes hyperglycemia?
conditions or a number of factors can contribute to hyperglycemia, including:
eating more carbohydrates than usual
Being less physically active than ever
become ill or have an infection
experiencing high levels of stress
glucose-lowering drug is not receiving the right dose
How is hyperglycemia treated?
There are several treatment methods for hyperglycemia:
Monitoring glucose levels
An important part of managing diabetes is often controlling your blood sugar level. You and your doctor should be able to track your treatment plan Then you should record the number in question in a notebook, blood sugar diary, or blood sugar monitoring application. Knowing when blood glucose levels are getting out of your target range can help you get your blood sugar back under control before more important issues occur.
Move on
Exercise is one of the best and most effective ways to keep your blood sugar level low and they need to lower them if they get high. If you're on insulin-boosting medications, be sure to talk to your doctor to determine the best times to exercise. If you have complications such as nerve or eye damage, talk to your doctor about the optimal exercises.
An important note: If you are diabetic for a long time and have been undergoing insulin therapy, talk to your doctor to see if there is any limitation to exercise with high blood sugar levels. For example, if your blood sugar is over 240 mg / dL, your doctor may need to check you urine ketone.
If you have ketones, you will not exercise. Your doctor may also tell you that your blood sugar does not take you to exercise if you are above 300 mg / dL even without ketones. Exercise when ketones are in your body can cause your blood sugar level to go even higher. While this is rare for people with type 2 diabetes to experience, it is still best to be safe.
Analyzing eating habits
Work with a dietitian or nutritionist to create a healthy, interesting selection of meals that can help manage carbohydrate intake and prevent higher blood sugar levels.
Evaluate your treatment plan
You can reassess your treatment plan based on your personal health history and experiences with hyperglycemia. They can change the amount, type or timing of diabetes medications. Do not adjust your medication without first talking to your doctor or nurse educator.
What are the complications of hyperglycemia?
Untreated and chronic hyperglycemia can lead to serious complications. These include:
nerve damage, or neuropathy
kidney damage, or nephropathy
kidney failure
cardiovascular disease
Eye disease or retinopathy
Foot problems caused by damaged nerves and poor blood flow
skin problems, such as bacterial and fungal infections,
Diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome
This is common in elderly people with type 2 diabetes. Such a disease can be accompanied by a trigger. When blood glucose levels are high, the kidneys secrete sugar in the urine, receiving water with it.
This causes the blood to become more concentrated, causing high levels of sodium and blood sugar. This increases water loss and can worsen dehydration. Blood glucose levels can reach up to about 600 mg / dL. If left untreated, hyperosmolar syndrome can cause life-threatening dehydration and even coma.
How to prevent hyperglycemia?
Good diabetes management and careful monitoring of blood glucose are also very effective tools to prevent hyperglycemia or stop it without getting worse.
Test regular
Test and record your blood sugar levels regularly every day. Share this information with your doctor every time you make an appointment.
managing carbohydrates
Know how many carbohydrates you are eating from each meal and snack. Try to stay in the amount approved by your doctor or dietitian. Store this information with blood sugar levels.
Be Smart Diabetes
Your blood sugar reaches certain levels and you have an action plan about time. Take medication as prescribed, to be consistent about the amount and timing of your meals and snacks.
Wear medical identification
Medical bracelets or necklaces can also help alert emergency diabetes if there is a bigger problem.
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Bayer Contour Next Blood Glucose Monitoring System
