Sleep Disorders
What is Sleep?
Sleep does not only affect an area confined to the night, it is a form of life that we do not think much about as a result or reason at every hour of the day. a functional process. Although science and technology have advanced rapidly to explain sleep, there are still unexplained questions and secrets.
So what are the questions or problems that we can explain or come to us?
I never sleep,
I'm over asleep. Can't I just get some sleep?
I wake up all night… Why?
Even as I sit,
I can't rest no matter how much I sleep,
My wife snores can not sleep,
I wake up leaping,
I have bad dreams and nightmares,
My brother is delirious or asleep while sleeping,
What's going on in sleep?
For our health, eating is as important as drinking. In particular, toxic wastes accumulated in the nervous system cause sleep. Sleep provides the removal of these toxic substances from the body and resting. It is a need for relieving physical and mental fatigue, relaxing and energetic. Heart rate decreases during sleep. Blood pressure drops. Respiratory rate decreases. Body temperature drops. Operation of internal organs is reduced. Nervous system and sensory organs are in a state of relaxation. Fatigue reduces the resistance of the body.
We have all experienced a sleep-related problem for a long or short time at a time in our lives. If the problem is resolved within a few days, we will survive that period without professional help.
How long should we sleep?
Normal sleep time is the period in which a person feels well and can be energetic when he wakes up. The need for sleep varies from person to person. It is known that the duration of sleep varies from person to person and even according to the age period and this period is between 4 hours and 11 hours.
What happens if we don't sleep?
The effects of insomnia on the body:
The number of white blood cells decreases. The body's resistance to diseases decreases,
Resistance to psychiatric diseases decreases,
Muscle strength weakens,
Blood sugar balance is impaired,
The breathing rhythm is broken,
Body temperature drops,
Visual and speech disorders begin,
Forgetfulness,
Stress hormone is secreted. Irritability is intolerance.
What is Insomnia?
Insomnia, which is characterized by inability to fall asleep or difficulty maintaining sleep during the night, waking up earlier than usual and being tired during the day, is often a symptom of other problems. Most people who have difficulty sleeping do not fall asleep in inappropriate situations (for example, behind the wheel), and if this happens, the cause of insomnia is sleep apnea.
Sleep apnea
Symptoms of sleep apnea:
Extreme daytime sleepiness,
Tiredness,
Snoring and / or breathing while sleeping,
Headache in the morning
What is narcolepsy?
Narcolepsy symptoms include excessive tendency to sleep during the day and short-term sleep attacks. Dreaming and dream-like hallucinations during these sleepiness are signs of narcolepsy.
Narcolepsy symptoms: Loss of control of the muscles (cataplexy) associated with feelings such as laughter or anger, and sleep paralysis, which cannot move after waking.
What is Restless Leg Syndrome?
It is defined as discomfort in the legs, restlessness and need to move during sleep or rest (sitting or lying). Numbness, tingling, and sometimes a feeling that is not fully defined. It occurs or becomes worse in restless situations such as sitting or lying down. It partially or completely improves with movements such as walking and stretching.
How is Restless Leg Syndrome treated?
Restless leg syndrome is a treatable condition. Stopping caffeine intake, a hot bath before bedtime, or relaxation exercises can help. Hot or cold bags to apply to your leg can help you relax. There are some effective drugs, but they can have serious side effects.
You should consult your doctor about your sleeping problem if:
When methods such as bathing, caffeine intake, exercise and relaxation techniques do not work,
If you believe that your sleep problem is caused by depression or heart disease,
If you snore excessively while you sleep or you are out of breath,
If you fall asleep while doing normal activities such as talking or driving,
If you are constantly tired when you wake up,
If you think that the medications you use cause sleep disorders,
How is narcolepsy treated?
Mostly, short sleepiness is relaxing. Your doctor may also give you stimulants to keep you alive throughout the day. Some new drugs that are less potent and less likely to make habits than other stimulants have been found to be highly effective in maintaining vigilance. Antidepressants can help treat cataplexy or the feeling of paralysis as soon as you wake up.
What kind of treatments are applied for sleep disorders?
Your doctor may recommend that you go to a sleep clinic to diagnose your sleep problem. Sleep clinics are particularly useful for sleep problems associated with sleep apnea, narcolepsy and heart disease. One or two nights asleep; you may have to spend in a sleep lab where your heart, brain, and breathing are observed. The sleep specialist can review your test results and tell you what you have. Your sleep problem may be caused by stress or illness, excessive caffeine or alcohol intake, physical or emotional problems, medication or lifestyle. The specialist will try to understand why you are having sleep problems, which will help you determine how to sleep better.
What are Circadian Rhythm Disorders?
The use of bright-light therapy has become widespread in the treatment of both delayed sleep phase syndrome (difficulty in falling asleep at night and waking up during the day) and early sleep phase syndrome (sleeping too early and waking up very early in the morning). Researchers are investigating the usefulness of this treatment in the treatment of sleep problems related to jet-lag (disturbance of the body's inability to adapt to the time difference in long-term flights) or shift changes. Melatonin is also used in the treatment of circadian rhythm disorders, however research has shown that bright-light therapy is more beneficial.
For a good sleep:
Stay connected to a regular sleep program. Get up at the same time in the morning, even on weekends and holidays,
Avoid short sleep during the day,
Avoid stressful activities and heavy training two hours before bedtime. Exercise early in the day,
Try relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, yoga and meditation just before bedtime,
Make sure your bedroom is dark, quiet and cool. Use ear plugs and eye masks if necessary,
If you can't sleep, get out of your bedroom, go to another room and read a book or do something quiet and relaxing,
Avoid caffeine, thein, coffee, tea, aperitif or diet pill,
Snore:
If your snoring is mild, consider the following:
Turn to the side, lie down,
Ask your doctor if you have allergies or nasal congestion,
Avoid caffeine and alcohol,
Avoid sleeping pills and sedatives,
Sleep apnea syndrome:
Weight loss can alleviate sleep apnea, although it does not completely cure it. Avoid alcohol and sleeping medications. Since surgeries only allow to treat mild sleep apnea cases, your doctor may apply CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) to ensure that the airway stays open at night. This nightly procedure prevents the muscles from collapsing during the night by transmitting the air to the airway through the nose mask with the pressure prescribed by your doctor. This ensures that you can sleep uninterrupted all night. In some people, a braces to keep the lower jaw in front may be useful in mild to moderate sleep apnea and snoring.
Pregnancy and sleep:
Women who suffer from insomnia during pregnancy can relax in the afternoon with short-term sleep, drinking hot milk or taking a warm bath before going to bed. Exercise can also help. Mothers who are expecting a baby can sleep more comfortably by turning sideways, supporting their heads, bellies and knees with a pillow.
Nightmares and Nightmares:
If your child has nightmares, the best remedy is to relieve him. If these nightmares or nightmares occur frequently, talk to your child's doctor about this problem.
Age
Research has shown that active seniors who exercise regularly regularly sleep better than others. The elderly who cannot sleep well at night can close this gap with their afternoon sleep. Nevertheless, it should not be forgotten that excessive sleepiness will disrupt night's sleep. During the day, especially in the morning, sufficient sunlight can be beneficial.
Life style
If you have a good sleep pattern, do not use alcohol, caffeine and nicotine and do not eat heavy meals before going to bed at night, you will sleep better. Regular exercise is also beneficial for sleep, but the training should be finished no later than 2 hours before bedtime.
Medicines
Drugs that you should take every day can disrupt your sleep patterns. If this occurs, contact your doctor. New dose adjustments or drug change may be the solution.
Depression and anxiety
If you have been deprived of sleep for more than a few days due to depression or anxiety, contact your doctor for treatment.
Heart diseases and lung problems
If you are lying on your bed and you are out of breath or if you wake up hard at night, see a doctor immediately. There may be a problem with your heart or lungs.
Facilities in our Hospital:
Sleep Laboratory
Sleep Laboratory: Although the definitive diagnosis of sleep diseases is made in places that we have special equipment for sleep, the complaints of people who complain of bad sleep cannot be confirmed in the laboratory, or pathology can be revealed by investigations when there is no significant complaint.
Providing EEG (electroencephalography), eye movements (EOG = electrooculography), chin EMG (electromyography), respiratory recordings (Airflow, chest and abdominal muscle movements, oximetry), ECG (electrocardiography), leg EMG records in sleep laboratories and sleep stages are revealed and sleep studies are performed.
The patient is put to normal sleep in this laboratory and examined by making the above-mentioned records. These records are evaluated after the patient wakes up.
NPİSTANBUL Brain Hospital Sleep Laboratory
It consists of two sleeping rooms, a phototherapy room, a sleep deprivation room and a central digital examination system.
Sleep laboratories are an activity that requires the joint disciplinary approach of neurology, ENT, chest and psychiatry specialists. Psychiatric approach to treatment is often required. Laboratory responsibility is carried out with this awareness.
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