FLU AND ZATURER
Most confusing questions, what to do, how to protect?
Pneumonia
Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs and a germ disease (such as bacteria, viruses). It is one of the most common diseases that cause the most death and causes to consult a physician. It ranks fifth among the causes of death in our country.
What are the symptoms?
Cough, sputum, fever and chest pain are the most common complaints. Frequent breathing, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, muscle-joint pain, weakness, loss of appetite, symptoms such as loss of consciousness.
How is it diagnosed?
After examination of the patients with complaints, they are usually diagnosed by chest radiographs. In severe pneumonia and hospitalized patients, further investigations such as blood tests, computed tomography and sputum tests may be required. The sputum sample should be examined to determine the microbe causing the pneumonia.
What is the treatment?
It is usually a rapidly healing disease with appropriate medication under physician control. However, treatment should be continued under control. Sometimes diseases such as lung cancer can present as pneumonia. Sometimes pneumonia may not be due to germs. Consult a chest physician for the distinction of these conditions.
Is protection possible?
Pneumococcal and annual influenza vaccines can be avoided and pneumonia can be avoided and mortality can be reduced by controlling the follow-up diseases, healthy and balanced nutrition, quitting smoking and alcohol.
FLU (INFLUENZA)
It is a viral infection that affects the nose, throat and lower respiratory tract (bronchus) and rarely the lungs.
What are the symptoms?
Symptoms are highly variable, with severe symptoms or mild symptoms. Sudden onset of high fever, headache, weakness exhaustion, dry cough, sore throat-burning, runny nose-congestion, muscle pain can be seen.
How is it diagnosed?
It is difficult to make a definitive diagnosis of viral infections. Diagnosis is often made by evaluating examination findings and complaints. Laboratory and imaging methods are necessary to exclude other causes. The virus must be shown for definitive diagnosis.
What is the treatment?
Antibiotics are not effective in influenza. There are drugs used to treat flu; however, they provide significant benefit if they are started within the first 48 hours of influenza infection. Abundant fluid consumption, rest, balanced and healthy nutrition constitute an important pillar of the treatment.
Is protection possible?
There is a vaccine against influenza virus. It is recommended in September-November because a minimum of 20 days is required for the immune response to occur. Healthy and balanced diet, smoking and alcohol cessation and annual influenza vaccines, protection and hygiene can be protected by attention.
NEZLE (Cold; Coryza)
Colds caused by viruses, nose and throat is a limited infectious disease. Cold is highly contagious, the disease is transmitted by air droplets or hands touching the mouth, nose and eyes.
What are the common cold complaints?
The disease occurs at the end of a two-day incubation period, with the most common complaints: fever, sore throat, burning in the throat, tickling, itching, runny nose, nasal fullness, odor and taste, sneezing, dry cough, fullness and itching in the ears, congestion in the ears, redness in the eyes, a feeling of watering and burning, headache, fatigue and feeling of malaise.
How is cold diagnosed?
The diagnosis of a cold is made by the patient's complaints.
Usually no further laboratory tests are required, but
non-regressive complaints or complications may be considered further investigation and examination may be required.
What is the treatment?
Treatment is done to alleviate the complaints. Antibiotics and antivirals are not used. Abundant fluid intake, garagara, balanced-healthy diet, when necessary, with the advice of physicians to reduce discharge, cough suppressants, drugs that provide relief can be used.
Who Should Be Vaccine
Pneumonia
65 years and older
Patients with lung, heart, kidney, liver and diabetes
Spleen dysfunction or spleen removed
Those who use immunodeficiency and immunosuppressive therapy
Its protection is 5-10 years, but once or twice a lifetime it is often sufficient.
Flu
65 years and older
Patients with lung, heart, kidney, liver and diabetes
Spleen dysfunction or spleen removed
Living with influenza-risk persons (close and continuous contact with infants younger than six months)
Pregnancy in the flu season
It is recommended to be done every year, does not leave continuous protection.
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