What is Electronic Noise?
In the electronic world, noise is a general name given to the fluctuations caused by unwanted signals that interfere with the signal to be transmitted. What are the causes of electronic noise, also known as interference? What varieties are there? Details in our article.
What is Electronic Noise?
In general, the concept of noise in electronic circuits can be defined as unwanted signal confusion. Especially in electronic-communication technology and high-frequency RF (radio frequency) circuits, signals are transmitted using a conductor and electromagnetic waves.
However, a continuous unwanted component is present on this transmitted signal. This component is sometimes too small to be noticed, and sometimes it can be annoyingly high. Such situations are also known as parasites among the public.
What are the causes of noise?
1) Space Noise: The source of this noise, also known as galactic noise, is completely sun. It is known that various spots and stars in the sky create noise.
However, thanks to the magnetic wave reflector of the ionosphere, frequencies lower than 15 MHz are not effective in the world. We can only overcome this kind of noise, which sometimes creates great danger for space vehicles, only with protected circuits.
2) Atmospheric Noise: There is a constant static electricity between the clouds and the cloud-ground. According to reports, 100 lightning per second is happening worldwide. Discharge is more effective at low frequencies.
3) Industrial Noise: Factory, workshop, transformer etc. There is an electronic noise generated by every vehicle that uses electricity. Especially in industrial areas this amount of noise is very high.
4) Thermal Noise: It is the type of noise that occurs as a result of the movement of electrons in the conductive material depending on the temperature and is independent of the welding voltage.
5) Other Electronic Noise: Noise generated by active electronic devices.
What is Network Noise?
Electronic circuits generally use rectified mains electricity as a source of energy. However, this does not apply to direct current sources such as batteries or batteries.
On this rectified current there is a small fluctuation of the alternating current. This ripple shows itself as noise in electronic circuits and it is called as hum.
This type of noise, which has amplitude greater than other types of noise, does not have much negative effect on electronic circuits as the frequency is 50 Hz.
What are Noise Units?
Noise is measured in power units, ie watts, in the MKS system. The power calculated here is referred to as the average power.
Signal-to-noise ratio is more important than noise expressed in watts. We can define this ratio as the ratio between the noise and the signal to be transmitted.
The presence and magnitude of the noise is usually measured using the Spectrum Analyzer. This software-assisted measurement often achieves accurate results.
How to reduce electronic noise?
Generally, the noise that is tried to be reduced by using CMOS and BJT type transistors can be reduced by many methods. First of all, our circuit must have a very good grounding. It is very important to reduce ripple and ripple formation and hence noise.
Another preferred method of reducing noise is to separate the signals. In this way, the signals are sent to the desired location by using two separate cables. This technique can be used in both analog and digital circuits. Available in speakers, PCI and USB outlets.
Faraday cage is also a system that can eliminate the electronic noise almost completely. In addition, if the cables are protected and insulated very well, noise will be reduced.
Electronic noise does not always create a negative situation. Noise is used in circuits with functions such as random number generation and vibration.
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