Sound insulation
The physical event that occurs in the air pressure fluctuations caused by a vibrating source that stimulates hearing in the human ear is called “sound.. Human ear 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. sounds. In order for sound to be heard, its intensity needs to reach a certain level. Human voices are 250-500-1000-2000 Hz. frequencies. If this sound wave is located in a random spectrum, or in other words an unwanted sound, it is called “noise.. Noise, which has very negative effects on human health and comfort, is a very important phenomenon which has physiological effects such as increased blood pressure in body activity, involuntary contractions of muscles, psychological effects such as irritability and decrease in work efficiency, as well as hearing damage.
NOISE CONTROL
Noise control, which is the most effective way to combat noise, includes the measures to be taken to minimize the harmful effects of noise on human beings. Noise control methods are divided into acoustic regulation and sound insulation:
1. Acoustic Regulation:
Acoustic Regulation; is the regulation of the reverberation time in the current indoor environment. Materials such as glass wool, stone wool, soft polyurethane based foams, melamine foam, wood wool are used in detail solutions.
Sound absorption coefficient according to frequencies (Hz.)
125 250 500 1000 2000 4000
Mineral Wool (glass wool and rock wool) (50 mm thickness) 0.1 0.6 0.9 1 1 0.95
Polyurethane soft foam (50 mm thickness) 0.08 0.27 0.7 1.07 1.05 1.04
Melamine foam (50 mm thickness) 0.15 0.27 0.63 0.91 1.03 1.06
Wood Wool 0.50 0.80 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90
Acoustic Material Sound Absorption Coefficients
When sound is propagated in an environment, it encounters an obstacle and behaves in three basic ways like other physical events. Some part of the sound is reflected from the obstacle it encounters, some part is swallowed by the obstacle, and the rest passes to the other side of the obstacle. Therefore, each material has a sound absorption coefficient (α).
2. Sound Insulation:
In parallel with the developing technology, noise problems may arise with the lightening of the building elements. For this reason, knowing the behavior of the structural elements against the sound rays can prevent the subsequent occurrence of expensive and difficult to compensate situations. The measures taken to reduce the amounts of these sounds transmitted through the building elements are called ilen Sound Insulation..
The transmission and propagation of sound in building elements occurs in two ways:
1. Transmission of air-born sound from one location to another
2. Propagation of the pulse sound as air-born sound in the receiving space, or as a sound-born sound by transporting it to distant places via structure
Particularly for noise sensitive buildings such as houses, schools, hospitals, sound transmission loss values of building elements should be within certain limits. The most accurate in terms of building acoustics is the noise control during the architectural design stage. Some measures that can be taken by taking into consideration the functions of the spaces and the noise sources affecting these spaces are as follows:
• Structure Location
- To build the structures as far away as possible so that the structure is not affected by traffic noise on motorways and the noise of railway and airline vehicles.
- To create natural hills, trees or artificial clusters between the noise source and the selected settlements.
- Avoid building shapes that will cause reflection. (U-shaped, courtyard type)
- Taking into account the current wind and temperature changes.
• Sound insulation of partition elements within the structure
- Increase the density of building elements.
- Double layer wall application.
- To apply double glass and laminated glass in glass areas.
- Use thick, heavy and gapless doors. Take precautions if not available.
- Preventing sound leakage through ventilation ducts, pipes and spaces around the walls.
- Floating floor applications against impact sound (neoprene, polyethylene, rockwool flooring details), flexible fixing suspended ceiling.
MATERIALS USED IN IMPACT SOUND INSULATION:
• Mineral wool
• Polyethylene
• Rubber Foam
• Wood Wool
• Polyurethane
Floating Flooring Detail
VIBRATION INSULATION
Permeability: The amount of vibration transmitted from the vibration sensors to the structure
Yield: The amount of vibration that is prevented by the vibration receivers
Permeability = 100% - Yield
Sample:
Permeability = 20%
20% = 100% - Yield
The yield should be 80%.
Effective sound insulation; it can be possible by using the right materials in the right details in the structures of which the purpose is determined and with flawless workmanship.
Polyethylene and Neoprene Flooring Detail
Sound insulation in 10 questions
1- What is sound insulation?
unwanted and evoked uncomfort feeling sounds are called noise. Sound insulation; These are the applications made with the aim of protecting the environment from the harmful effects of noise by isolating the living environment from unwanted sounds, reducing the noise emitted from noisy areas and creating suitable usage conditions in places such as cinema and recording studio.
2- Why should we be protected from noise?
Noise has many psychological and physiological damages on human beings. Noise is the most important cause of stress that causes diseases. These diseases can be summarized as follows: Irritability, difficulty in perception, decrease in work efficiency, insomnia, circulatory system disorders, abnormalities in various body secretions, permanent hearing loss, premature birth and miscarriage in pregnant women.
3- What happens if we do not have sound insulation and we are not protected from noise?
Noise causes many health problems. Even if human beings are accustomed to noise over time, their harm will continue to increase. Moreover, hearing loss due to noise is not treated with medication or surgical intervention. Permanent hearing loss (deafness) occurs especially in long-term exposure to high noise. In addition, the productivity of the employees in industrial facilities such as the factory decreases and occupational accidents occur as a result of their distraction.
4- Where should sound insulation be made?
Sound insulation;
- In areas that need to be protected from the harmful effects of noise (houses, schools, hospitals, dormitories, hotels, work places, etc.)
- In areas where the noise they emit to the environment should be prevented (generator, booster, heater, entertainment places with high sound level, etc.)
- Usage conditions in sound dependent areas (cinema, theater, concert and conference hall, TV and sound recording studio etc.)
It should be done.
5- How is sound insulation done?
Sound insulation should be considered when planning the structure. In addition, when determining the elements such as walls, floors, ceilings, glass and woodwork, materials with high sound insulation should be used. By using sound insulation material, the passage of lower and upper floor sounds is prevented by passing through neighboring walls.
6- What are the benefits of sound insulation for the country?
Noise constitutes an important problem as a dimension of environmental pollution in our age and causes many health problems whose cause cannot be determined at the first time. Sound insulation and noise control, healthy and peaceful individuals, a clean environment, attention and work efficiency by increasing the prevention of accidents is of great importance for both our country and our people.
7- What is the volume, how is it expressed?
Sound intensity, sound energy to unit area per unit time
The amount is. The magnitude is expressed in dB (decibels). Here are some examples of sound levels:
Sound Source and Location Sound Pressure Level dB (A)
Aircraft at take-off (within 25 m) 140dB (A)
Road excavation (at a distance of 7 m) 90dB (A)
Alarm clock bell (at a distance of 1 m) 80dB (A)
Inside the car traveling at 50 km / h 70dB (A)
Normal talk (at a distance of 1 m) 50dB (A)
Quiet bedrooms (should have) 35dB (A)
8- What should we pay attention to to reduce the harmful effects of noise?
First of all, we should create soundproof environments and be careful not to be in the high noise level for a long time.
Noise Exposure Time (hrs / day) Maximum Noise Level dB (A)
80 7.5
4 90
2 95
1100
0.5 (30 minutes) 105
0.25 (15 minutes) 110
1/8 (7.5 minutes) 115
9- Where to apply for sound insulation?
For information on sound insulation, you can contact İZODER (Thermal Water, Sound and Fire Insulators Association) by calling 0800 211 33 67, by calling 0212 274 46 24 or by e-mail to info@izoder.org.tr.
When you call İZODER, you will be offered solutions to your problem. When you decide to have insulation application, İZODER members contact you and request an appointment. After your building is inspected free of charge, an offer is prepared for the cost of the application. It remains to choose the appropriate ones from you İZODER members.
10- How can I reach publications where I can get information about insulation?
You can reach the technical information about the insulation through the İZOLASYON DÜNYASI magazine which is published every 2 months by İZODER and İZODER's official website www.izoder.org.tr. You can subscribe to the magazine by calling İZODER or filling the form on the web page. ISOLATION WORLD magazine will be delivered to the address you specify.
RIGHT KNOWN ERRORS
WRONG: We feel the noise of the neighboring apartment in our house, but there is nothing to do.
CORRECT: You can prevent the noise of your neighbor by applying sound insulation between two apartments.
FALSE: Sound insulation can be made with products made of polystyrene foam.
CORRECT: Closed porous polystyrene materials are heat insulation materials. They are not sound-absorbing materials. Open pore materials (such as mineral wool, very low density polyurethane) are used for sound insulation. Closed porous materials, such as polyethylene foam, can be used under screed and parquet to cut the vibration in the impact sound.
WRONG: Triple insulation glasses provide better sound insulation.
TRUE: The noise control performance of the triple insulating glass units is not better than that of the double insulating units. Practical way of sound insulation; to increase the thickness of the glass and the use of specially prepared insulating glass units. In double insulating glass units, the choice of different glass thicknesses or the laminating of one of the glasses contributes to noise control. It is possible to use specially developed acoustic laminated glasses for better noise insulation as a single panel or in the insulating glass unit. The thickness and combination of glass should be selected according to the type and intensity of the noise.
FALSE: No sound insulation can be provided between floors.
CORRECT: Sound insulation to the floor is reduced by reducing the passage of air noise (speech, music, etc.) and impact sound (footstep, item drag sound, etc.) between the floors.
WRONG: If I live in the city center I will never have a quiet house.
CORRECT: With the measures that can be taken, you can have a house that is substantially free of neighboring and environmental noise.
FALSE: I can apply sound insulation on my own or through familiar craftsmen.
CORRECT: Your building must be inspected by experts and sound insulation applications for the solution of your problem should be done by insulation companies that have knowledge about it. You can reach these companies through İZODER.
46AXX
Ear Plugs, Vibes High Fidelity Earplugs for Concerts, Musicians and Airplane Noise, More Reusable Ear Plugs,Noise Cancelling Dubs Acoustic Ear Plugs(2 Pairs)
