PERSONAL NOISE MEASUREMENT
ACOUSTIC - DETERMINATION OF NOISE EXPOSED IN THE WORKPLACE AND ESTIMATION OF THE HEARING LOSS THAT CAUSES THIS NOISE
Acoustics - Determination of noise exposure at work and estimation of hearing loss caused by this noise
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This standard describes the relationship between the noise exposure in persons of different age groups and the permanent threshold shift value (GSKEK) caused by this noise in statistical terms. This standard specifies procedures for the prediction of hearing impairment as a result of exposure to noise (taking into account the age effect) of the non-hearing loss population or randomly selected population whose hearing ability is estimated or measured. (GSKEK is used herein as an additional term, independent of other components of hearing threshold levels. In the case of no-exposure, GSKEK is usually 0, and at any noise exposure level, GSKEK receives positive values indicating the variation of noise-damage sensitivity between individual individuals in a population. ) Persons who are regularly exposed to noise may develop hearing loss to varying degrees. Because of this hearing loss, their ability to understand speech, their ability to perceive daily acoustic signals or their assessment of music may be impaired. Permanent deterioration of the hearing organ takes time, with the exception of noise to explode, high pulsed noise and very high constant noise, and progresses after exposure to noise for months, years, or decades. GSKEK usually occurs before a reversible transient effect on hearing and is called the transient threshold shift value (GEK) caused by noise. The importance and recovery of GEC depends on the level and time of exposure. In individual individuals, it is not possible to accurately determine the change in the threshold value in the hearing caused by noise and the changes caused by other factors, although in the individual case it is suspicious. The data in this standard may provide additional means for the most likely effects of audiological diagnosis. However, for large populations exposed to a particular type of noise, changes in statistical distributions of the hearing threshold can be determined. Parameters such as the mean RSQEC value, the medium RSQEC value can be used to determine differences in hearing threshold between two similar populations in terms of noise characteristics that are very well defined in one (usually the workplace population) and related characteristics. Within the scope of this standard, “GSKEK” value is applied as a change in the permanent threshold shift value caused by noise in the statistical distribution of a population and not for individual individuals.
This standard can also be applied to calculate the risk of permanent hearing loss due to repeated daily exposure, or regularly exposed noise at work. In some countries where hearing loss occurs as a result of exposure to noise in the workplace, legal regulations apply for liability and compensation. The hearing threshold at different frequencies, which is thought to be a hearing loss (“limit value”), is firmly dependent not only on the disorder in individuals but also on legal definitions and interpretations based on social and economic approaches. In addition, the definition of hearing loss depends on the ability to understand spoken language as desired, the average value of ground noise, and perhaps even the spoken language because of its relative importance at different frequencies. Consequently, this standard does not guarantee a specific formula for the assessment of the risk of hearing loss (as opposed to the first edition of ISO 1999), but specifies fixed methods for predicting hearing impairment that can be used in the assessment of hearing loss according to a formula or guaranteed in a particular country. The results obtained with this standard can also be used to determine the permanent effects of other noises, except for acoustic signals exposed daily, the perception of music or the specific frequency effects that do not have to be guaranteed with a hearing loss formula.
Since hearing impairment caused by noise is not only the result of the noise at work but also the total noise to which the population is exposed, it is necessary to take into account the noise that individual individuals are exposed to in areas outside the workplace (in the places they shop during their work, at home and in entertainment activities). may be important. This standard allows the estimation of the occurrence of hearing impairment due to noise exposure at the workplace only if the noise exposed outside the workplace is insignificant compared to the noise exposure at the workplace. Otherwise, it is necessary to use the hearing impairment to be estimated from the sum of two of the total daily exposed noise (the sum of external and workplace exposure). The contribution of workplace exposure to total hearing impairment can be estimated when desired. The selection of the maximum tolerated or maximum permissible noise levels and the selection of a special formula for hearing loss risk assessment or compensation purposes, as well as the maintenance of rules laid down by ethical, social, economic and political factors, are not the responsibility of an international standardization process. . Individual countries that differ in these factors and their interpretation should therefore be excluded from the scope of this standard.
For the reasons given above, this standard does not provide a complete guideline for risk assessment and protection rules, and in practical use this standard should be combined with test codes or national standards that define the factors that are left open here.
ICS 13.140; 17.140.20 TURKISH STANDARD TS 2607
ISO 1999 / April 2005
3.8 Hearing loss
A disadvantage of adequate hearing impairment that affects the individual's personal activities in daily living activities and is often described as a difficulty in understanding what is spoken in low-level basic noise. The numerical indication of hearing loss is given as a combination of hearing threshold levels given in 6.2.
3.9 Limit value
Hearing threshold above the presumed hearing loss (or insufficiency) degree.
3.10 Risk of hearing loss
The fraction of a population whose hearing loss continues (Article 6.3)
3.10.1 Risk of hearing loss due to noise
The difference in the risk of hearing loss in the noise-exposed population from the risk of hearing loss in the non-noise population is equivalent to the risk of hearing loss of the noise-exposed population in the absence of the noise-exposed population.
3.11 Age and noise-related hearing threshold (HGIE), H H
Permanent threshold level of hearing in dB in a population (hearing threshold level (IES) specified in ISO 389). The value of LAGS is a combination of components related to noise (GSKEK, 3.12) and age (LAGs, 3.13) as specified in 5.1.
3.12 Permanent threshold shift caused by noise (GSKEK), N
Actual or potential permanent shift of hearing threshold level (dB), estimated to be caused by exposure to noise only when no other effects are present.
3.13 Age-related hearing threshold level (YİES), H
Hearing threshold in dB, observed only with respect to age, with no effect of noise exposure. YİES, only, pathological conditions or exposure to noise and so on. can be observed directly in the absence of other effects that cause hearing impairment.
3.14 Pulsed noise
Although pulsed noise can be defined in different ways (ISO 2204 and ISO 1196-2), for the purpose of this standard, all unstable noises, which are generally characterized as effective or pulsed noise in the industry, take part in the measurement of sound exposure (Art. 1, Note).
4 Identification and measurement of exposed noise
4.1 General
Normalized exposure level and / or average A-weighted, exposed level, EA, 8h, exposed sound measuring devices or integrating sound level normalized to the rated 8-hour working day to estimate the risk of hearing impairment and hearing loss as a result of exposure to noise Measured directly using sound meters or calculated from sound pressure measurements and exposure time. Such measurements may be made by means of fixed devices, which may be connected to the individual. The measurement sites and measurement times should be chosen to represent the noise exposure during a typical working day at which the population is at risk.
4.2 Device
4.2.1 General
Integrative-average sound for direct measurement of equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure levels
level meters shall be in accordance with IEC 60804, Type 2 or better.
4.4 Measuring
4.4.1 General
Carefully record the relevant details, measuring procedures and conditions of the measuring instrument in use during the measurement
and stored for reference purposes. Uncertainty in the total measurement when the measurement result is reported
should be specified taking into account the following factors:
- Measuring device,
- Position of the microphone,
- Number of measurements,
- Spatial variation of duration and noise source.
4.4.2 Long-term, daily exposure to noise
Daily A-weighted exposure to the sound or noise level exposed, for a sufficient number of days and persons under examination allowing the determination of the average noise exposure, or for the years or decades examined with the total uncertainty that fits a particular noise problem. .4 or 4.4.5. The average daily noise to which the person or group of persons is exposed in the total number of days shall be calculated using Table 1 of Article 3.6. If noise differs from day to day, this standard is primarily based on a daily equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level on the worst day of noise, or the equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level average over longer periods (not exceeding 1 year) of more than 10 dB if not exceeded.
NOTE For the application of this standard, monitoring of audiometry for irregularly exposed noise is recommended.
ICS 13.140; 17.140.20 TURKISH STANDARD TS 2607
ISO 1999 / April 2005
4.4.3 Direct measurement of daily exposure
The direct measurement of daily exposure to noise should be performed with an A-weighted exposed sound or an equivalent continuous weighted sound pressure level. Such devices integrate noise fluctuations that occur when the source of noise changes over time or when the person moves from one place to another. Fluctuations may spread over a wide range of levels and / or may exhibit irregular time characteristics. Fluctuations may also include pulsed noise.
4.4.4 Indirect measurement of daily exposure
4.4.4.1 General
To indirectly measure the daily exposure, sound pressure levels should be measured with a sound level meter or equivalent recorder. The duration of exposure in each clearly identifiable level range should be measured separately.
NOTE Integrative sound level meters are preferred. If conventional sound level meters are used, the time-measuring feature F (fast) is recommended and the time-measuring feature I (pulsed) is not recommended.
The A-weighted exposed sound and the level of noise exposed normalized to the rated daily 8-hour working period shall be determined according to the procedures outlined in 4.4.4.3. This method can also be applied to theoretical approaches.
4.4.4.2 Stable noise exposure
In the case of noise whose fluctuations in the total period level to which the equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level is to be determined, the arithmetic mean of the sound pressure level is numerically equal to the equivalent continuous sound pressure level.
NOTE Noise is assumed to be almost stable if the total range of sound pressure levels is within the 5 dB range with the time-measuring feature S (slow).
4.4.4.3 Stable noise exposure, varying level intermittently
If the noise is stable but consists of clearly distinguishable levels, the individual levels shall be measured in accordance with 4.4.4.2, with periods corresponding to different level ranges. The total A-weighted exposed sound, EA, T, should be calculated as Pa2.s using the following correlation:
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