How is the heart protected in diabetes?
Diabetes, which is spread by modern life, leads to heart attack and stroke and darkens many lives. A newly published scientific paper answers the question of what a person with diabetes should do to prevent cardiovascular disease ...
Ms. Sevda passed the health check for being 60 years old as per the rules of the company she works for. He hadn't seen a doctor in years. Fasting blood glucose was found to be high in two different measurements. Thereafter, a test showing the 3-month average value of blood sugar was performed. When this test was high, he was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.
Doctor, blood pressure is also high because of a healthy diet and doing regular sports should lose weight, he said. He added that if the condition does not improve in 3 to 6 months, he will have to start drug treatment.
Ms. Sevda didn't like to take medicine, she thought they would do more harm than good. He left the doctor's office, saying that he could solve the problem without medication, taking care of his nutrition. When he came to check eight months later, there was no improvement in his condition. On the contrary, her blood pressure and blood sugar levels were higher. Their weight had already increased a little more. The main reason he came back to the doctor was because his friend, a diabetic husband, had a severe heart attack at the age of 55. Or I might have the same problem, ’he said, trying to get used to the idea of taking medication.
The American Heart Association and the American Diabetes Association answer the question of what Sevda Hanım should do to protect cardiovascular diseases from a joint scientific paper published this month.
Should first correct the lifestyle
A well-known reputation in the field, with the contributions of many respected experts in the final form of a person with diabetes in the cardiovascular disease risk of being a person of the same age and sex of one to two times more than four times stated. The first step to reduce this risk is to lose weight with healthy nutrition and regular sports.
When it comes to healthy eating, it is recommended to adopt a Mediterranean diet or similar diet, to reduce sugary foods and to use unsaturated fats of plant origin instead of trans and saturated fats. Regular exercise facilitates blood sugar control and prevents serious complications.
Another point that is emphasized is the problem of obesity. It emphasizes the importance of overweight diabetics to lose weight and reduce to ideal weight. Comparative research shows that surgical methods such as stomach reduction in very obese ones work. If necessary, in very competent hands with very low risk of these diabetic surgery is very successful people are said to be treated.
Blood sugar should not rise too high
The main problem in diabetes is the low level of insulin required for the use of glucose or the resistance of cells to existing insulin. In both cases, glucose cannot enter the cells easily, it continues to circulate in the blood and blood sugar rises.
How to protect the heart in diabetesDivision of patients by oral pills or insulin injections, sometimes using two treatments together, the blood sugar is raised to normal limits. Keeping blood sugar under control is life-saving. Diabetes destroys small vessels, causing serious problems, especially in the kidney, eye and nerves. It causes kidney failure, blindness and nerve disease called sinir neuropathy ”. Keeping blood sugar under control prevents these problems by reducing small vessel damage.
Keeping blood sugar within certain limits also benefits the heart and vessels. The effect of blood glucose control on large vessels is not as positive as in small vessels. Research suggests that strict control of blood sugar is not very useful in preventing heart attacks and strokes. Experts, one reason for this surprising result may be lowering blood sugar too, he says.
Hypoglycemia: Drugs to reduce blood sugar to normal limits when you say that the amount of glucose in the blood can be very low. This is called “hypoglycemia tıp in medicine. It is not good that blood sugar is as low as it is high.
The doctor gave Ms. Sevda a drug called metformin as well as diet and exercise advice. Unlike some other diabetes medicines, this drug does not mind weight, blood sugar does not reduce excess, he said.
Increases risk of high blood pressure
How to protect the heart in diabetes
A major study, MRFIT, found that high blood pressure increases deaths from cardiovascular disease. This graph shows that the increase in deaths is much higher in people with diabetes than in non-diabetic patients.
Diabetes often goes hand in hand with high blood pressure. Research shows that three out of four diabetic patients have high blood pressure. The alliance of two chronic diseases poses a major threat to the heart, kidneys and brain. Doctors who know this danger very well want to control the blood pressure of patients with diabetes. But they don't want blood pressure to be lowered, just like blood sugar. Because too low blood pressure can cause a number of serious problems. The targeted blood pressure level varies slightly from patient to patient. Many experts looking at available research, diabetic high blood pressure above 135 mmHg recommends not to increase.
Her blood pressure of 155/90 mmHg Sevda Hanıma doctor, diabetic patients with a protective effect, shortly called ACE suppressor group gave a drug. He asked him to buy an automatic blood pressure monitor and measure and record his blood pressure at home.
It's important to get statins in diabetes
How to protect the heart in diabetes
In most diabetes patients, the benefit of preventive statin treatment is far greater than its possible side effects.
When blood tests are performed for diabetics, it is seen that most of the blood fats are abnormal. Triglycerides called high fat levels, good cholesterol (HDL) is low. Bad cholesterol (LDL) levels are often not too high.
Seeing these values, doctors thought that if we lower the triglyceride level and increase the HDL cholesterol, we will protect patients from cardiovascular disease. Scientists have done a series of research to test these hypotheses. The results show that drugs developed for these goals do not provide any benefit and may even be harmful. On the other hand, it was found out that statin diabetics had less common problems such as stroke and heart attack.
What does the scientific data say?
Based on these scientific data, statin treatment is recommended for a person who is diabetic but does not have a known cardiovascular disease if he is too young or too old. According to a joint statement, statin is protective in all of these patients after poor cholesterol levels are not too low.
Statin drugs are known to raise blood sugar, albeit small, leading to diabetes. After taking this side effect into account, the net effect of statins is not harm, experts say that diabetics in heart attack, stroke and deaths are useful for reducing statins emphasizes.
Taking this evidence into consideration, the doctor recommended that Ms. Sevda take statin every day despite her bad cholesterol level being 107 mg / dl.
LAST WORD: Healthy eating, moving life, maintaining ideal weight helps us not to have diabetes, if there is diabetes protects from complications. Drugs further reduce the damage caused by the disease.
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