How does a foot wound pass?
Wound healing occurs spontaneously. In other words, the ability and ability to heal the wound is found in the genetic structure of the body. However, if there are conditions that prevent the healing of wounds, the body is inadequate to heal the wounds. Thus, the first way to heal wounds that have delayed or stopped healing is to remove obstacles.
Infection
Infection is the most important factor that prevents wound healing. Normally, a solid skin is an important protection shield against bacteria, fungi and viruses that may cause infection. When the wound is opened, it cannot act as a shield. Microbes reach the open wound surface easily. Microbes reach the wound, infection does not mean infection. Not only do these germs get infected, they become important if they start to hold, feed, multiply and form a community. This is called colony formation of microbes. Even at this stage, microbes multiply only in the wound, they feed there, they do not spread to the body. When microbes begin to spread to the body, they cause systemic infection. Fever rises, fatigue becomes weakness, redness around the wound, swelling, pain, temperature becomes apparent. In the blood assay, values reflecting infection are determined. In short, germs are first transmitted to the wound (contamination), then they begin to hold here, feed, live and multiply (colonization) and spread to the body, causing signs and symptoms that concern the whole system (infection).
Of course, if the germs spread to the body, it is not only about wound and wound healing. This means that the patient's limb may even endanger his life. Such situations should be taken seriously and all treatments recommended by the physician, including appropriate antibiotic therapy, should begin immediately. However, before the germ spreads to the body, it delays and heals the wound healing while it is still in the wound environment. In this case, it is necessary to remove the germ load from the wound to ensure wound healing. For this purpose, all the dead and bad tissues in which the microbes easily settle and multiply in the wound environment are removed. This removal pathway is called “wound debridement.. Debridement is most easily performed surgically. Wound treatment physician scalpel, scissors, curette with tools such as dead, dirty tissue cuts away. Dead tissues are cleaned by scrubbing, wiping and scraping during wound dressing. Some gels, wound care products containing substances that break down dead tissues, ultrasonic devices, high-speed water gushing devices, even fly maggots are used to clean the wound.
A wide variety of antimicrobial materials known to be effective against microbes are used in the fight against wound infection. The important point is that these substances should kill microbes easily and quickly, be effective against a wide variety of microbes, but should not be harmful to normal body cells, that is, they should not disrupt wound healing. There are various substances used in wound treatment for this purpose.
Discharge occurs when the wound is infected with microbes. This stream should be removed from the environment. If not removed, wound healing will not occur. Dressing materials with varying absorbency characteristics are selected and preferred depending on whether the stream is more or less. For example, if there is a very discharge wound, a highly absorbent foam sheet is preferred. If it is not possible to use such materials, only dressing with gauze, then maybe the dressing is changed several times, not once a day.
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Both bed sores and wounds seen in the protruding areas of the feet of diabetic patients are pressure-related. Their recovery is only possible with the disappearance of the press. Whatever treatment is applied after the pressure has not been removed, they cannot heal. For this reason, the patient needs to be turned around periodically in bed wounds, suitable beds are used. Appropriate insoles, shoes, orthosis devices or even plaster casts are used to remove pressure in diabetic patients.
Vascular obstruction
Wounds on limbs with vascular occlusion become difficult to heal. Due to vascular obstruction, nutrients, oxygen, or even medications do not reach the cells. Wound careers may find it necessary to open it if they detect severe vascular occlusion in the patient's veins. In this case, the vessels should be opened either surgically or by intravenous procedures such as stents and balloons. Thus, sufficient oxygen and nutrients reach the tissues. When the cells receive enough blood, wound healing is possible.
Vein insufficiency
Due to various disorders of the veins, blood accumulates in the leg veins. Due to the expanding veins, a condition called varicose veins occurs. When the veins do not operate adequately, wounds are opened on the leg. These wounds are called venous ulcers. The way to heal these wounds is to prevent blood from accumulating in the veins. In such wounds, bandage, varicose veins, stockings applied to the leg and blood pressure return are applied if the devices provide pressure and the wound heals.
Protection of healing tissues
After removing the bad and dead tissues from the wound, a red, clean tissue develops on the wound base. The wound edges gradually shrink and the wound starts to shrink. Starting from the wound edges, the skin begins to cover the wound. At this stage, it is necessary to protect this red repair tissue that develops on the base of the wound and the thin skin covering the wound. Because these newly formed tissues can be easily damaged. During dressing, these tissues should be kept moist by covering, not drying and removing. Pits and recesses on the wound base impede healing. If the wound base swells and rises too high, the skin cannot cover this height. These surpluses should be corrected during dressing. If the wound edges are rounded, blistered, there is no space underneath, the skin cannot be covered again. When dressing, the edges of the wound base should be corrected.
Proper dressing and wound care
During wound dressing, the wound is wiped with a liquid that will kill the germs, the inside of the wound is washed with saline and wiped. In the meantime, dead, bad tissues are removed from the wound base. If there is excessive discharge during dressing, it is absolutely removed. If this is inadequate, it is necessary to use a wound dressing material with a higher absorbency or to dress more frequently. The dressing is not only about cleaning. Cover the wound to prevent the wound from drying out. Because the best wound dressing is moist wound dressing. Wound healing is not preferred. But humid does not mean wet. When the wound is touched by hand, its wetness is indeterminately moist, if appropriate.
Closing the wound not only maintains its moisture, but is also useful for maintaining the proper temperature. Closing the wound also prevents microbes that can reach the wound surface.
General condition of the patient
Focusing only on the wound often means not seeing the barriers to the general condition of the patient in front of the wound healing. If the patient's nutrition and water intake are not sufficient, the wound will not heal. In this case, it should be ensured that the patient is fed sufficiently especially in terms of protein. If a diabetic patient's blood sugar is elevated, it is necessary to correct the sugar level before dealing with wound healing. If the patient has heart failure, it will prevent enough blood to go to the tissues, maybe it will cause the wound. Heart failure must be treated with medications, then the wound should be healed. Blood values are low in patients with long-term disease. Even if the heart, veins work normally, the wound cannot get enough oxygen. In these cases, blood support is required to heal the wound.
How does a foot wound pass?
The wound actually heals itself. The body has the ability to heal the wound genetically. If the wound does not heal, you should consult a health center dealing with wound treatment. If there are reasons such as malnutrition, sugar imbalance, lack of blood, vessel failure that prevent healing of the wound, these are corrected first. Then local causes such as infection, vascular occlusion and compression that prevent wound healing are investigated and corrected. Finally, the wound passes through the foot wound with proper wound care and treatment.
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