ALL ABOUT ZATURRE (PNEUMONIA)
The medical name of pneumonia is pneumonia. Inflammation of the lung. Bacteria, viruses, fungi, such as may occur with a variety of microbes. It is one of the most common illnesses that cause the most frequent deaths. It is more common in children, in the elderly over 65 years of age, in patients with a chronic disease (such as kidney, sugar, heart or lung disease), in smokers, in the presence of a disease or drug that suppresses the immune system.
Community-acquired pneumonia (TGP) is responsible for a significant proportion of hospital admissions, treatment costs, work-school day losses and deaths worldwide.
Today, due to the widespread use of antibiotics and effective immunization policies, mortality from infectious diseases is decreasing, while pneumonia in the community is still the cause of high disease and death.
Symptoms:
Fever, cough, expectoration, chest pain are the most common symptoms. Symptoms such as shortness of breath, loss of consciousness, nausea and vomiting, frequent breathing, muscle-joint pain and weakness may also be seen. In severe pneumonia, a patient may have blue skin and mucosa, severe shortness of breath, low blood pressure and blurred consciousness.
Diagnosis:
Patients with pneumonia symptoms are usually diagnosed by chest radiographs after examination. In severe pneumonia and hospitalized patients, further investigations such as blood tests, computed tomography and sputum tests may be required. The sputum sample should be examined to determine the microbe causing the pneumonia. However, it is often not possible to identify the germ for various reasons.
Treatment:
Treatments such as antibiotics, abundant fluid intake, rest, painkillers and antipyretics are often used. Patients requiring hospitalization may require different treatments. In severe cases of pneumonia, intensive care unit stay and respiratory support may be required.
It is often not possible to identify the causative agent of pneumonia. However, antibiotic treatment should be started as soon as possible after the diagnosis of pneumonia. For this reason, antibiotic treatment is started by considering the patient's age, chronic diseases and the severity of pneumonia. Detection of traces of any microbe in sputum and data on which antibiotic can be treated with this microbe results in 72 hours. According to the results, antibiotic treatment can be rearranged.
It is decided whether the patient will be treated as an outpatient or inpatient according to the age, diseases, and severity of pneumonia.
The duration of treatment may vary depending on the initial severity of the disease, the responsible microbe, the presence of a concomitant disease, and the individual response of the patient. It is generally recommended to continue antibiotics for another 5-7 days after the fever falls. However, in cases of pneumonia due to some microbe species, it may be necessary to extend the treatment period to 10-14 days and sometimes up to 21 days.
Things to pay attention:
Control of underlying chronic diseases, balanced diet, hygienic measures, control of smoking and alcohol habits, pneumococcal and annual influenza vaccines, and the frequency and mortality of TGP can be reduced.
Pneumonia is a sudden onset disease that usually cures rapidly with treatment. One or two weeks after the start of treatment, the physician examines the patient and performs the necessary tests. Sometimes treatment may be extended or additional investigations may be necessary.
If you have been diagnosed with pneumonia, your treatment has begun, and your fever has not decreased after 72 hours from the start of treatment, you should see your physician again if you have not coughed or decreased your sputum production.
Sometimes diseases such as lung cancer can present as pneumonia. Sometimes pneumonia may not be due to germs. Consult a chest physician for the distinction of these conditions.
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