Vaginitis (vaginal infections) vaginal fungus, trichomonas, bacterial vaginosis
Vaginitis, ie, infections of the vagina, are caused by fungal, parasitic or bacterial infections. In some cases, two or all of these factors may cause infection together. The most common symptoms are vaginal discharge (odorless or smelly) and vaginal itching.
Fungal infection
Approximately 75% of women have at least one episode in their lives, and a significant proportion of them have two or more episodes of vaginal yeast infection per year. Pregnancy, use of birth control pills, long-term antibiotic use and untreated diabetes are factors that facilitate fungal infection.
The most common manifestation of this type of vaginitis, caused by two fungal species called Candida Albicans or Torulopsis Glabrata, is a white, odorless discharge in the form of a cheese cut with intense itching in the vulva and vagina. Sometimes the flow can be very dense. Redness and edema may have occurred in the external genital area due to infection itself and itching.
In some cases, the irritation caused by itching can cause burning during urination. In advanced cases, vaginal fungal infections can also cause pain during intercourse.
How is the diagnosis diagnosed?
Diagnosis is easy in a woman presenting with these complaints. If necessary, it may be necessary to see the fungus in vaginal secretion samples or to produce the fungus in culture.
In some cases, the general gynecological examination of a woman who has no complaints or fungus may be detected in the papsmear sample taken. In such a case, some of the doctors offer absolute treatment, while others think that it is not necessary to intervene in fungus-free fungi. Although it is not clear which approach is correct, it is known that fungi can survive for years without causing any symptoms in the vagina. Moreover, attempting to remove these non-complaint fungal cells from the genital system does not exempt women from fungal infections in later life.
Fungal infection is not considered a sexually transmitted disease.
How is it treated?
There are many drug options in the treatment of yeast infection. For mild infections, vaginal suppository administration and vulvar cream application are recommended, whereas in severe infections or those who cannot use suppositories, treatment with single dose drugs is successful in most cases.
In case of recurrent infection, the factors that facilitate fungal infection are taken into consideration and long-term treatments are preferred over single dose treatment. Probiotics and vaginal flora regulators (Gynoflor, Vagiflora) work in most cases.
Whether or not co-treatment is necessary in women suffering from yeast infection is controversial, but this treatment is considered unnecessary considering the fact that yeast infection is mainly due to the temporary reduction of regional immunity of the female genital tract. Doctors' approaches may be different.
Since the response to treatment can be obtained at the earliest on the 2nd day, it may be necessary to use additional medications in order to eliminate the symptoms of regional itching in women whose daily life is severely affected by severe itching.
Chronic fungal infections
Stubborn itching of the lower genital area has occurred in some women, and itching may have been repeatedly tried to treat with the diagnosis of fungal infection. Chronic fungal infection is actually a very rare condition.
In further investigations, most of these women have an allergic reaction to the external genitalia or a dermatitis that is not related to skin infection. In such a case it is not possible to relieve symptoms with fungicides.
Trichomonas infection
Trichomonas Vaginalis moving with tails and easily in the vaginal environment
This microscopic parasite which can reproduce vaginitis is thought to be sexually transmitted. Although it has not been proven yet, it is thought that it is also transmitted from common toilets, towels and underwear and from the pool.
Trichomonas infection is often an asymptomatic type of infection. Contrary to the fungus, it is recommended that a woman who has no complaints should be treated if it is found by chance in her examination. This is because this infection can easily spread to the other side during sexual intercourse.
The most common symptoms of Trichomonas vaginitis are yellow, foamy, abundant
vaginal discharge and often itching of the vulva (outside the genital area).
Trichomonas infection is thought to cause premature delivery of water and threaten premature birth during pregnancy.
Trichomonas vaginitis is often associated with Gardnerella vaginitis, which will be described below.
Medications in the form of suppositories or tablets are used in the treatment.
Since Trichomonas vaginitis belongs to the sexually transmitted diseases group, it is important to treat the spouse of the woman. A man with Trichomonas infection often shows no signs of disease and can easily transmit the infection to his partner in a single relationship.
In prevention of infection, it is very important to comply with the measures to prevent sexually transmitted diseases. Other rules that must be followed are to be careful in public toilets, not to share special items such as underwear and towels with others, and not to enter pools that are not sure to be clean.
Gardnerella vaginitis (Bacterial vaginosis)
This type of vaginitis occurs when the lactobacilli, a natural component of the normal flora of the vagina and protecting the vagina against infections, are reduced in number and replaced by some other bacteria, especially Gardnerella Vaginalis.
"flora" is the community of bacteria found in the mucous membranes of the body (intestine, mouth, nose, vagina) without damaging the environment and even performing some important functions.
Gardnerella does not have the ability to multiply as long as the lactobacilli are normal in the vagina.
Although the factors that cause the decrease in the number of lactobacilli that constitute the natural bacterial environment of the vagina are not fully known, factors such as frequent sexual intercourse and washing the inside of the vagina are thought to have an important role.
Gardnerella vaginitis is the most common vaginitis and is not thought to be directly transmitted by sex.
The most common symptom of this type of vaginitis is yellow-gray discharge and bad smell, especially after sexual intercourse. This smell is similar to fish smell in most cases.
Gardnerella vaginitis is a condition that must be treated because it may cause problems such as disruption of genital hygiene and increase the risk of pelvic infection, threat of premature birth during pregnancy, early arrival of water, formation of postnatal infection. Medications are used in the form of suppositories and tablets.
Noninfectious vaginitis (atrophic vaginitis)
Lactobacilli, the natural environment of the vagina, are ayakta standing "by the effect of estrogen on the vagina. Again, estrogen hormone provides the strength of the vagina tissue. When estrogen decreases for any reason, thinning of the vagina tissue (atrophy) and decrease in lactobacilli may cause discharge alone. Thinning of the vagina can also cause pain and bleeding in the relationship. In addition, vaginal infection with reduced lactobacilli may lead to increased discharge symptoms.
The most common cause of estrogen reduction in women is menopause.
External genital and vaginal yeast infections
Approximately 75% of women experience genital yeast infection at least once in their lives. Fungi are normally found in the genital area and they live without any problems.
Genital fungal infections are not among sexually transmitted diseases. Fungal infections of the genital area may also occur in women without active sexual life.
Most women have a fungal infection of up to 5-6 times in their lifetime. Incorrect application of genital hygiene rules, pregnancy, contraceptive pill use and rarely diabetes are factors that facilitate the infection of fungi in the genital area, and these women often have to use drugs for this infection.
In some cases, itching in the genital area is not caused by fungal infection. The gynecological examination to determine the cause of the pruritus reveals that the event is not a fungal but a regional allergic reaction. Sometimes the event is entirely psychological in origin.
Recommendations for people with frequent fungal infections
To give up the hygiene products produced for washing the inside of the vagina: Vagina is an organ that constantly renews itself. Therefore, these temizlik cleaning ı practices are meaningless in most cases and may even cause the vagina to deteriorate.
At least for a period of time (6 months - one year) to interrupt the use of vaginal tampons and use pads instead
Genital spray, perfume doped pad and tampon, use of perfume doped condoms in relationship
To change the soap used for cleaning the external genital area: this soap may be allergic. Do not use the soap used for the body in the genital area, but instead use cleaning products suitable for external genital area cleaning.
Change your underwear daily and use cotton undergarments
Paying attention to keeping the genital area dry
Consult the doctor for diagnosis and treatment as soon as possible to relieve the itch: itching increases irritation, irritation becomes more itchy and this vicious cycle becomes more difficult to break every day.
Lose weight: excess weight can be the cause of frequent fungal infection
Give up the use of tight pants and underwear
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