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How to Treat Sinus

It should be noted that the question of how to perform sinus treatment is frequently used by many patients. So, what exactly is the sinus thing, let's explain it first? Sinus is the air gaps in the bones surrounding the nose. 4 of the sinuses are located on the right and 4 on the left. It is necessary to say that the membrane structure called mucosa, which is furnished in it, produces half or one liter of slime in a day and that this epidemic is carried by the small hairs of the epidemic to the discharge channel and transferred to the nose. Sinusitis is exactly the inflammation of the mentioned mucosa. So, there are some ways of treatment for sinusitis that we are with you to this extent.

Symptoms of Chronitis Sinusitis
Frequently asked how to do sinus treatment, we first told you what the sinus is. The microorganisms in the secretions proliferate when the system that carries the secretions produced in the sinus to the channel to discharge is not working properly or is clogged. This will cause sinusitis. Of course, penetrating traumas, dental root infections and bloodborne microorganisms are the causes of sinusitis. How do you know that you have sinusitis so that you can apply for treatment early? If the secretions in the nose turn yellow yellow while clear, you should hurry for treatment.

How to Treat Sinus?

Those who say how to do sinus treatment can be referred to two different methods as medical and surgical. If your sinusitis is diagnosed early, medical treatment may be more appropriate. So, how will sinusitis respond to medical treatment? Clogged discharge channel is opened with medical treatment, then secretions in the sinus are discharged and air is introduced into the sinus. When you look at it, you can see that medical practices between sinus treatments are divided into protective measures, supportive treatments and medication. If we look at surgical treatment, we can say that this treatment is also called endoscopic surgery. This treatment is performed with sensitive instruments with the help of thin cameras inserted directly through the nose without incision from the outside. As a result, you should know that we will be with you whenever you want for sinus treatment.


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SINUSITIS AND SINUS SURGERY

Where do sinuses take place?
Sinuses extending on both sides of the nose, forehead and deep in the nose, backward,
under normal conditions they are filled with air.

What is Sinusitis?
Sinusitis is an inflammatory disease of the sinuses.

How do we get sinusitis?
Sinusitis usually occurs as a result of a viral upper respiratory tract infection, such as a cold, obstruction of the nasal opening of the sinuses, disruption of the sweeping-clearing function of the tissue lining the sinuses, and the production of microbes within the sinuses, as well as the content and consistency of the outbreak caused by the sinuses.

What other reasons can we have sinusitis?
Above is the most common form of sinusitis. The cartilage-bone wall curvatures in the nose, the middle nasal flesh swelling with air and clogging the sinus mouths, some anatomical variations that narrow the sinus mouths, hay fever, the presence of nasal flesh called polyps, which should not be present under normal conditions, especially in children problems, such as nasal tampons, plunge, pressure-changing conditions, rare tumors, foreign bodies, traumas, immune system diseases, or some treatments that suppress the immune system may pave the way for sinusitis.

What are the symptoms of sinusitis?
The most important symptoms of sinusitis are dark nasal discharge, nasal congestion, nasal discharge. In addition, face and headache, facial pressure and feeling of fullness, malodor, toothache, bad breath, especially in children, bad breath, cough, fatigue, ear pain and fullness in the ear, pressure sensation can be listed among the symptoms of sinusitis.

How is sinusitis diagnosed?
The diagnosis of sinusitis is a clinical diagnosis. In other words, it is put together with the complaints of your physician and examination findings. In your oral examination, the ENT specialist can see your nasal discharge and most importantly, you can evaluate the inside of your nose and the areas where the sinuses are opened by using the most commonly used instruments that we call the endoscope today.

Is it necessary to film for the diagnosis of sinusitis?
In the majority of cases, it is not necessary to have a film in order to diagnose sinusitis. Since plain x-ray films, which were frequently used in the past, can be misinterpreted, when computed tomography is performed, computed tomography is mostly used today. Rarely, in some special cases, MR (emar) can be performed.

When do you want a CT?
I want tomography preoperatively in chronic sinusitis and polyp sinusitis that do not respond to medication. This tomography features a 'road map' for the surgical plan. In addition, in some cases of diagnosis, such as those with chronic headache, I can apply to CT to determine whether the headache is related to sinusitis.

I always have a headache. Can I have sinusitis?
Headache is often associated with sinusitis. Contrary to popular belief, however, most headaches are not associated with sinusitis. Many other diseases, such as tension-type headache and migraine, can cause headaches. In the absence of other sinusitis signs and symptoms such as nasal congestion, nasal discharge, nasal discharge, headache is a rare condition due to sinusitis. Tomography is the guide in cases with occasional diagnosis.

Is sinusitis a chronic disease?
Many people believe that sinusitis is a chronic disease. However, when sinusitis-related complaints and examination findings are over 3 months, chronic sinusitis can be mentioned. Contrary to popular belief, the vast majority of sinusitis do not become chronic and heal. So once the sinusitis does not apply to the belief that sinusitis remains for life.

Sinusitis and Sinus Surgery
What is the treatment of sinusitis?
The primary treatment of sinusitis is drug therapy. Antibiotic treatment is applied here for 10-14 days. In chronic sinusitis, this period can be kept longer. In addition to antibiotics, nasal washing with special saline solutions, nasal opener sprays, pills called decongestants, which help to open the mouth of the sinuses and other pain medications are used. Surgery is applied to patients who do not improve with drug treatment.

How is sinusitis surgery performed?
Today, sinusitis operations are commonly performed through the nose, without an incision from outside, and with endoscopes and cameras, which is called endoscopic sinus surgery. The basic principle here is to clean the diseased tissues, inflammation and polyps, if any, to open the mouth of the sinuses, thus ensuring good re-ventilation of the sinuses. In the same session, if there is, the curvature of the bone cartilage of the nose can be corrected, the nasal flesh can be reduced. Although sinus surgery can be performed by making an incision under the lip or an incision through the eyebrow, this has become quite rare with the introduction of endoscopes. Your doctor will explain to you the appropriate surgical procedure.

Is endoscopic sinus surgery performed with general anesthesia?
Although endoscopic sinus surgery can be performed under local anesthesia under sedation, like many surgeons, I prefer general anesthesia.

What are the complications of endoscopic sinus surgery?
Complications of endoscopic sinus surgery include bleeding, infection, odor disturbance, intranasal adhesion, tear canal obstruction, edema around the eyes and bruising. In addition, since the sinuses are adjacent to the eye and brain, some other complications that may occur in the hands of a very rare and experienced surgeon, which may arise from damage to the adjacent regions, may occur. These include nasal cerebrospinal fluid leakage, meningitis, brain abscess, permanent central nervous system damage, blindness, double vision and severe bleeding due to carotid artery damage.

How is the post-operative process?
If spongy tampon is placed in the mouth of the sinuses in surgery, this routine is taken two days later. If a melt buffer is used, there is no need to undo it. Some medications (antibiotics, nasal sprays with cortisone, nasal opener nasal sprays, nasal wash, oily nasal drops) are used as and after your surgery. Crusts may occur in the nose. To be cleaned, the patient should be seen by the physician once a week for 3-4 weeks.

I had polyps in my nose. What is polyp?
Polyp is the flesh of the nose, which is caused by abnormal growth of tissue called mucosa, which covers the nose and sinuses. Sometimes it can cause double-sided enlargement of the nasal cavity, leading to complete nasal congestion and deodorization.

Why do polyps occur?
Despite all the scientific research, the secret of polyps has not been revealed yet. There is an inflammatory process, but the cause is unknown. While polyps are associated with allergy in some patients, no allergies are detected in the majority of patients.

What is the treatment of polyps?
Two main treatments are currently used in the treatment of polyps: drug therapy and surgical treatment. Cortisone treatment is the basis of drug treatment. Cortisone suppresses the inflammatory response, reducing polyps and suppressing postoperative regeneration. When common polyps cause complete obstruction of the nose, cortisone and antibiotic treatments are applied firstly in decreasing doses of cortisone in pills for several weeks. When these polyps are reduced, a tomography is taken to determine the preoperative condition. Endoscopic sinus surgery removes polyps and opens the mouth of the sinuses. Afterwards, regeneration of polyps is tried to be prevented with cortisone sprays and nasal washings for a long time.

Will the polyps repeat?
By nature, polyps tend to relapse. The most important purpose of the surgery is to open up the area where the cortisone sprays will penetrate after the surgery, thus reducing the frequency of the surgery by ensuring as much suppression of polyp formation as possible.

Is cortisone used to treat polyps risky?
Cortisone is a drug that makes many patients uneasy because of possible side effects. When they are in the form of a spray used for polyps, these sprays can be safely used for a long time under the supervision of a doctor, as very few of them will enter the blood. Cortisone, given in pill form, is given in decreasing doses over several weeks. Side effects of cortisone used in this way include elevating blood pressure and blood sugar, adverse effects on the ulcer if present in the stomach, and contributing to bone resorption. Therefore, patients given cortisone in pill form are warned about these issues, as long as they take this drug is recommended to eat salt-free, stomach protection drugs are used to patients. Especially in patients with diabetes, high blood pressure or ulcers, the use of cortisone should be decided according to the severity of these diseases, taking into account the balance of profit and loss.


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How is Hair Transplantation (Plonidal Sinus) Treated? What are the treatment options?

To date, many different treatment options for pilonidal sinus disease have been developed and developed. Some of them are treated surgically, some are non-surgical methods.

Treatment is determined by the general condition of the patient and the extent of hair turnover.

Sinusotomy technique is used nonoperatively. In surgery; open release, primary closure, flap, caridakis and micro sinusectomy.

Non-surgical Hair Loss Treatment
my Sinüsoto
Pilonidal sinus is a disease usually treated with surgical intervention. In fact, a very large incision was performed in classical operations. However, in sinusotomy technique, the procedure is performed by expanding the hair entry holes without surgical incision.

In the sinusotomy technique, the holes under which the hair enters the skin are opened by surgical incision. By localizing, the hair rotation holes are expanded with radiofrequency device or pouch biopsy. In this way, the sinus can be cleaned without applying the incision.

The inside of the sinus is cleaned with spiral wire brushes and then scraped with curette. Substances such as antibiotics, antiseptics and silver nitrates may be administered locally.

Stitches are not removed after treatment. The wound is closed in the form of dressings. Treatment can be completed in 10-15 minutes in total.

What are the advantages of sinusotomy?
It is an alternative and practical option for those who do not want to have surgery.

With no incision, the patient can return to social life on the same day.

In addition, there is no incision and no disturbing marks.

The wound heals within 10-15 days depending on the size of the sinus.

There is little risk of recurrence.

If it repeats, the process is easy to repeat. (With no loss of tissue)

People with Sinusotomy Treatment
Closed dressings should be preferred because the treated holes are not closed. It should also be ensured that the hairs falling from the back and neck do not reach the coccyx. Otherwise, the hairs pass through the hole under the skin and the problem recurs.

Sinusotomy What are the disadvantages?
Sinustomy technique cannot be applied in advanced hair rotations.

Surgical Hair Loss Treatments
Many different treatments have been tried for hair rotation. The aim is the same in all surgeries. Sinus removal from the body Surgical treatments are divided into two groups: contemporary and classical.

The healing process is long and strenuous due to the large amount of incision in classical treatments. However, in modern techniques developed as an alternative, most of the disadvantages are eliminated because of the small amount of incision.

Open Drop Surgery
It is a treatment in classical surgery. It is also referred to as sinus excision. In this surgery, the sinus and surrounding tissue are completely removed from the right and left of the midline with 2 oval 10-15 cm long incisions. Due to the large amount of incision, too much healthy tissue loss occurs.

Once the sinus is removed by incision, it is not closed with sutures. Instead, it is left open by dressing for self-healing. Pain is high after treatment. It is also necessary to stay in a compulsory admission position for a while.

It should be kept clean and dressed until the wound heals. The closure of a wound of this size covers a period of approximately 5 to 6 months. In other words, there is a maintenance and recovery process for about 6 months after the treatment.

Hospitalization is required for 5-10 days after open cessation surgery. Therefore, it causes labor loss. Furthermore, the risk of infection in this process is very high due to the wound being left open.

Primary Closure Surgery
Logic is the same as open release surgery. However, there are some differences in practice. As in the open-release technique, the sinus circumference is cut out widely. However, in contrast to the open release technique, the incision opened after the procedure is closed by stitching.

As the tissue is removed and the stitch is removed, tension occurs in the region. And tension causes severe pain. Sutures can heal in 15-20 days. However, bed rest is generally recommended for 1 month.

The tension continues after the stitches are removed. Expansion due to tension and infection may occur due to opening. In addition, the risk of recurrence is higher than other treatments. (15%)

Flap Surgery
One of the classical operations is flap surgery. In flap surgery, unlike primary closure, sutures are brought with healthy hairless tissue to prevent tension.

Due to the absence of tension in the wound, the healing process is shorter. Recovery takes about 10-15 days.

Depending on the application of the procedure, surgery is named in different ways. The most commonly used flap surgeries are Limberg flap and Z-plasty.

Limberg flap; the sinus is removed with a diamond-shaped tissue piece and the skin is subcutaneously released (flap) and the opening is closed.

Z-Plast; The sinus is removed ovally with the tissue piece and the triangular skin subcutaneous tissue is released (flap) from the upper and lower ends and the opening is closed, leaving a Z-shaped incision. The recurrence rate in these surgeries is 8-10%.

Karidakis Surgery
It is a similar operation to flap surgery but with differences. Skin shifting is performed in Karidakis surgery.

In Karidakis surgery, the incision is made from the side, not from the middle line. Slightly cut the skin of the opposite side of the suture is slid in that way.

It is easier and less scarring than flap surgery. The healing process is shorter compared to classical operations. There is also less post-procedure pain.

Microsinusectomy Surgery
Microsinusectomy is a modern treatment technique that has a very low incision rate as an alternative to classical surgeries.

The aim is to remove hair rotation from the body with minimum incision. In this way, healthy tissues are not damaged, the healing process is shortened and visually undesirable results do not occur.

A 2 * 2 incision is sufficient for microsinusectomy. It can be applied practically under local anesthesia. The incision is closed with hidden and absorbable sutures. In this way, no trace.

Due to the low incision, the pain is very mild after the procedure. In addition, thanks to a practical procedure, the patient can return to daily life after resting for half an hour after surgery. Thus, treatment can be completed without loss of labor.

In classical surgeries, the amount of incision is very high and labor loss is high. However, there is no loss of labor in contemporary and non-surgical techniques. In addition, too much healthy tissue loss occurs in classical methods.


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Sinusitis

What is a sinus?
Sinuses are air gaps around the nose. They are named according to their location (frontal, maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid).
The sinuses are opened to the nasal cavities by means of special canals. The nasal cavities and sinuses are covered with the same covering layer (mucosa) as a whole. This layer continuously makes a cleansing secretion and this secretion is discharged to the nasal cavity by means of the fuzzy hairs on the layer.

Sinusitis; sinus infection / inflammation is the name given. It is often referred to as “rhinosinusitis için because the same covering layer is affected as a whole.
The development of infection in the sinuses is the result of some disturbances in the work of the sinuses, which are the obstruction of the special ducts of the sinuses, the malfunction of the wobbly hair, the accumulation of the outbreak of the sinus within the sinus, resulting in a favorable environment for bacterial growth.
The most common cause of sinusitis is upper respiratory tract infections. This is caused by obstruction of the ducts of the sinuses opening into the nasal cavity during infection due to the swelling of the covering layer. The cause of infection may be bacteria or viruses. Allergy is another cause of sinusitis.

Other factors that increase the tendency to sinusitis include; dental root infections, curvature of the nasal middle chamber, polyps occupying space in the nasal cavities, foreign bodies, nasal tampons and tumors.
In addition, pressure changes that may occur during swimming or traveling by airplane may block the channels of the sinuses and cause sinusitis.

What are the symptoms of sinusitis?
Pain: Acute sinusitis can be felt in different regions according to the affected sinus, can be felt on cheeks, upper teeth, forehead, around eyes, between eyes, behind the head. When the head is tilted forward, there is an increase in pain.
Other symptoms are pressure sensation, nasal congestion, runny nose, cough, weakness, fever.

How is sinusitis treated?
In acute sinusitis, drug treatment is generally applied, antibiotics, nasal openers, pain medications are used. The recommendations of the treating physician and the duration of antibiotic use must be strictly followed. In addition, plenty of fluids should be taken, cigarettes and smoke absolutely must not.
In chronic sinusitis, surgical treatment is applied for frequently recurrent acute sinusitis that does not respond to drug treatment. The most common sinus surgery; "functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS)". In this surgery, it is possible to reach the diseased sinus and clear the sinus without making incisions in the face and mouth, and if there is a disorder that increases the tendency to sinusitis, it is corrected.


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Sinusitis

The paranasal sinuses are four pairs of different sizes, each with the name of the bone in which they reside: the maxillary, ethmoid, frontal, and sphenoid sinuses (Figure 1). Paranasal sinuses have controversial functions such as humidifying respiratory air, secreting mucus, alleviating skull bones, contributing to resonance of sound, and isolation of intracranial heat.



Sinusitis is one of the most common causes of applications to health care institutions and is one of the most frequently prescribed antibiotic diseases. It is also an important source of morbidity and a major cause of economic loss. It has been reported that 50 million people in the United States are affected by sinusitis annually, causing 73 million days of labor loss and $ 2.4 billion in medical (excluding surgical and radiological procedures) treatment and endoscopic sinus surgery in 100,000 patients for sinusitis.



Classification
1 - Acute sinusitis: Sudden onset, less than four weeks in a completely healed sinusitis. It often develops after viral upper respiratory tract infection.

2- Subacute sinusitis: It is used for acute rhinosinusitis for more than four weeks and less than 12 weeks.

3- Recurrent sinusitis: In a year, each of which lasts 7 days or more, more than four episodes are experienced.

4- Chronic sinusitis: Sinusitis lasting 12 weeks or more. Acute attacks may develop during the course of chronic sinusitis.



Ethiopathogenesis:

Because of the close proximity of the paranasal sinuses to the nasal mucosa, sinusitis and rhinitis are often found together, and some authors use the term rhinosinusitis more often than sinusitis. The paranasal sinus and nasal mucosa has defense systems such as mucociliary system activity against infection, mucus coverage in the epithelium, antimicrobial agents in the mucus, and immunoglobulins in the mucus. In particular, disruption of mucociliary activity plays an important role in the formation of sinusitis, leading to accumulation of secretions and infection within the sinus.



The anterior ethmoid, maxillary, and frontal sinuses drain to a region called osteomeatal complex in the middle meatus (Figure 2).



Osteomeatal complex stenosis creates a preparatory environment for sinusitis. The ethmoid sinus is usually the first onset of disease and most commonly involved sinus. Anatomical disorders (septal deviations, polyps, ethmoid sinus and middle turbinate variations, foreign bodies, tumors, lateral wall anomalies), mucosal edema (viral upper respiratory tract infections, allergies, hormonal disorders) can be among the causes of obstruction in the osteomeatal complex. In osteomeatal complex obstruction hypoxia develops, mucociliary activity decreases, sinus drainage deteriorates, secretions thicken, mucus stasis occurs. Accordingly, a suitable substrate for secondary bacterial growth is prepared and sinusitis begins.



The most common causes of acute sinusitis are Streptococcus pneumonia, Hemophilus influenza and Moraxella catarhallis, respectively. Hemophilus influenza, staphylococci and anaerobes are important factors in chronic sinusitis. In recent studies, the term allergic fungal sinusitis has been proposed by considering that a significant portion of chronic sinusitis is secondary to fungus. Presence of nasal polyposis, asthma and atopy, presence of dark mucoid secretion, demonstration of fungus in secretions without mucosal invasion, presence of antibodies specific to fungus in serum, monitoring of calcifications in sinuses, allergic fungal sinusitis should be considered. Invasive fungi are an important cause of sinusitis in diabetic and immunocompromised patients.



symptoms
Sinusitis can cause headache, runny nose, nasal congestion, bad breath, cough, ear pain, toothache, fever, hyposmi-anosmia, fatigue. Chronic sinusitis usually presents with milder symptoms. Symptoms are often more frequent at night and early in the morning (due to increased paranasal edema in the supine position and consequently reduced mucociliary activity).

Diagnosis
Anterior rhinoscopic and nasal endoscopic examination performed by ENT specialist has an important role in the diagnosis of sinusitis. Especially, purulent drainage in the middle meatus suggests sinusitis. Nasal examination also allows the identification of anatomic anomalies that lead to sinusitis, the detection of the affected sinus, the detection of nasal polyps, tumoral formations or fungal infections, and the differentiation of allergic conditions from infective events. In addition, facial edema, fullness, cervical adenopathy, postnasal discharge, pharyngitis may be detected on physical examination.



Routine radiological examinations such as Waters, Caldwell and lateral head radiography have been used for many years as an adjunct to the diagnosis. On radiographs, opacification and air-fluid levels in acute infections of maxillary, frontal and sphenoid sinuses will facilitate diagnosis.



The fact that routine radiographs are open to different interpretations and inadequate evaluation of the ethmoid sinuses and osteomeatal complex limits its usefulness in patients with chronic sinusitis. In chronic sinusitis resistant to treatment, in patients who may need surgery, in the presence of complications, suspected tumoral formation, coronal and axial planar sinus tomography should be used if necessary.



Treatment
Medical treatment of purulent sinusitis includes antibiotic, decongestant, mucolytic, methods of clearing other nasal secretions, and appropriate addition of topical steroids if necessary. Antibiotic selection is often made empirically according to the causative organisms and the clinician's experience.



Considering that two thirds of acute sinusitis develop secondary to Streptococcus pneumonia and Hemafilus influenza, firstly, the selection of antibiotics that may be effective on these microorganisms would be appropriate. The most commonly prescribed antibiotics for this purpose are amoxicillin, amoxicillin clavunate, clarithromycin, trimethoprim / sulfamethaxole, cefuroxime, cefrozil, loracarbef, cefodoxime, ciprofloxacin, levofloxain. Penicillin, cephalexin, erythromycin, and tetracycline do not include major microorganisms involved in sinusitis.



In some populations, the effectiveness of amoxicillin below 70% due to resistance limits its use. The duration of antibiotic treatment in uncomplicated sinusitis is between ten and 14 days.



In addition to antibiotic treatment, decongestants that reduce mucosal edema and open the sinus osteum can be added topically or systemically. It should be kept in mind that long-term administration of topical decongestants should not be used for longer than 4-5 days, as rebound mucosal edema may lead to rhinitis medicamentosa.



Removal of dark secretion from the sinus cavity can be increased by physical cleaning with saline and, if necessary, mucolytic agents are added to the treatment. It is necessary to avoid the use of antihistamines due to their drying effects on secretions except in allergic conditions. Topical steroids may also be added to treatment in cases of chronic sinusitis and atopy.



Subacute and chronic sinusitis resistant to drug therapy and recurrent acute sinusitis attacks are surgical indications. The aim of sinusitis surgery is to improve ventilation, drainage of sinuses and restore normal functions. Correction of obstruction in the osteomeatal complex and removal of pathologies are the basis of surgery. Endoscopic sinus surgery, which has been widely used for the last 15-20 years, can achieve successful results up to 90%.



Nasal polyposis, mucocele, mucopuyocele, invasive or allergic fungal sinusitis, sinus tumors, acute complicated sinusitis (subperiostal or orbital abscess, brain abscess, meningitis) are certain surgical indications. If a sinusitis complication develops, it should be started for broad-spectrum antibiotics and evaluated for immediate surgical intervention.



After the first-line treatment of sinusitis, which is a common disease, is performed by general practitioners, it would be appropriate to evaluate the patient by an ENT specialist in treatment-resistant cases.

complications
Although sinusitis is a very common disease, complications of sinusitis are rare due to the development of effective antibiotics and surgery. However, it should be kept in mind that untreated sinusitis can lead to fatal complications.



Complications of sinusitis can be classified into 3 groups:

1. Local complications: Osteomyelitis, mucocele, pyocele

2. Orbital complications: Inflammatory edema, orbital cellulitis, subperiostal abscess, orbital abscess, cavernous sinus thrombosis

3. Intracranial complications: Brain abscess, meningitis.


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What are the symptoms of sinusitis? How does sinusitis go?

What are the symptoms of sinusitis? Does going out with wet hair cause sinusitis? What diseases are involved in sinusitis? How is sinusitis treated? What should be considered to avoid sinusitis? What causes untreated sinusitis? ENT and Facial Surgery Specialist Assoc. Dr. Gürkan Kayabaşoğlu told us

Sinusitis is an infection-related health problem caused by inflammation of the air gaps between the facial bones, that is, the sinuses. The sinuses moisturize the air we breathe, warm it, and help clean it from germs. It helps to lighten our head bones and also plays an important role in the characteristic formation of our voice. If the sinuses are not properly ventilated as a result of nasal obstruction, bacteria or viruses will accumulate in them, which can cause bacterial sinusitis.
CAUTION!
ENT and Facial Surgery Specialist Assoc. Dr. Dr. Gürkan Kayabaşoğlu, "Sinusitis, according to the duration of the problems caused by the patient 'chronic' and 'acute' is named to be. Chronicized, ie continuous sinusitis, lasting more than 3 months, dark nose and nasal discharge, settled nasal congestion and headache may be experienced" He added that chronic sinusitis is resistant to drug treatment and is usually treated surgically.

Assoc. Dr. Gürkan Kayabaşoğlu, "Acute sinusitis occurs in certain periods, yellow or green bloody nasal discharge, with intermittent face and headache, fever, pain around the eyes occurs with symptoms. Generally, the patient's complaints with short-term antibiotic treatment improves," he said.
HABERTURK.COM'un answering questions about sinusitis ENT and Facial Surgery Specialist Assoc. Dr. Gürkan Kayabaşoğlu made suggestions for protection from sinusitis.
SYMPTOMS OF SINUSITIS
What are the symptoms of sinusitis?
Waking up tired and sluggish in the morning, sore throat, nasal dryness and crusting, snoring at night, nasal congestion, difficulty in smell, runny nose, sore throat sensation, winter infections more than 10 days to survive, frequent cough at night. If the common cold or flu, especially in autumn, persists for more than 5-7 days, the health problem is very likely to be sinusitis. Sinusitis is more common in autumn in patients with allergies.

TREATY IN THE DISEASE

What are the causes of sinusitis?
Sinusitis may start due to colds or allergies. Bacteria and respiratory infections or weak immune system can cause sinusitis. In some cases, chronic sinusitis may be caused by problems in the structure of the nasal canals or a growth such as nasal polyps that prevent normal discharge of the sinuses.



Nasal bone curvature is one of the most important factors that trigger sinusitis. In addition, large nasal flesh, nasal discharge, hay fever, allergies, exposure to cold and dry air in winter, smoking, reflux, exposure to harmful gases in the air, and all the diseases that prevent small hairs in the sinuses from performing their duties are the causes of sinusitis.
WET HAIR CAUSES SINUSITY?
Is it true that "going out with wet hair causes sinusitis"?
Yes, going out or sleeping with wet hair is one of the reasons that trigger sinusitis. Not lying and going out for at least 1 hour after washing can minimize the risk of sinusitis. Even if the hair remains slightly moist, it causes a cold in the head area when sleeping. Therefore, you should go out after making sure that the hair is dry.
In addition, people with allergies to the nose or growing allergy-associated nasal meats when wet with the hair out of the person's nose mucosa during the hot-cold swelling and allergic swelling of the sinus holes will close easily increases the risk of sinusitis.

SINUSITY PERMANENT TREATMENT!

What are the misconceptions about sinusitis?
Ear-filled information about sinusitis is quite a lot. One of them is that inflammation of sinusitis is contagious. This is false information. Sinus inflammation is not contagious. Viral upper respiratory tract infection from someone else can cause sinusitis. This is the main cause of information error. One of the misinformation is that headaches are usually a sign of sinusitis. 5% of headaches are caused by inflammatory disorders such as sinusitis. Therefore, every headache is not a sign of sinusitis.

There are many more wrongs. However, one of the most important misinformation that I want to correct is the perception that sonrası this disease is re-experienced and relapses after surgery to treat sinusitis ’’. This is a misconception in society. When we examine the numerical data, the success rate of sinusitis surgeries performed with proper diagnosis and correct method is over 90 percent. Of course there is a risk of recurrence. However, this does not mean that it will repeat for all patients and cases. Therefore, it is wrong to know that sinusitis will be re-experienced postoperatively.



Are there any other diseases in which sinusitis is confused, if any?
Because of the symptoms and pain caused by sinusitis, neuralgia, migraine, eye, teeth, neck and jaw joint problems and brain tumors can be confused frequently with diseases. Because he doesn't know the source of the pain even though he has migraine headaches, there can be many patients who think he has sinusitis problems. Therefore, it is vital to choose the right physician who can make the correct diagnosis of the cause of the pain and treat the patient with the most appropriate method according to the conditions.

HOW DOES IT GO?

Ways to Prevent Sinusitis
What should be considered to avoid sinusitis?
People who have sinusitis problems should stop smoking if they are using it and should also avoid spending time in areas where dirty air is dominant. Because polluted air and cigarette smoke cause mucus increase, triggering sinuses negatively. Patients suffering from influenza infection as a result of colds should be treated under the supervision of a doctor. The nose should always be kept open during infection. To do so, it may be beneficial to use the ocean water or swim into the sea to discharge the sinuses. Apart from this, the wet air should not go out to the open air, the hair must be dried. Avoid direct wind and dry air. Allergy treatment should not be neglected. If there is curvature of the nose, curvature should be removed with nose surgery and the size and swelling of the nasal flesh should be treated and eliminated.



TREATMENT OF SINUSITIS
How is sinusitis treated?
Family history, allergy history and possible risk factors should be listened and analyzed during the otorhinolaryngologic examination of the patients presenting with the complaints of sinusitis.
After a detailed analysis, the diagnosis of the disease should be made correctly and the patient should proceed with the most appropriate treatment method. Therefore, as in all diseases, the choice of physician is very important in sinusitis.
If dark nasal discharge, high fever and severe headache problems persist for more than 7 days, antibiotic treatment should be administered for 10-14 days. If the patient has not benefited despite the drug treatment applied, if similar problems are experienced intensively during the year, surgery should be considered for permanent treatment. At this stage, the patient must be evaluated by tomography. If the patient to be operated has problems such as curvature of the nose or growth of the flesh of the nose, these problems should also be eliminated during the operation.

DOES HAIR REDUCE THE RISK OF SINUSITIS?

Does a patient with sinusitis suffer from this disease for life? Is sinusitis completely resolved?
Drug therapy should be tried first in the treatment of chronic sinusitis and surgical treatment should be considered in resistant diseases and recurrent conditions. The success rate of surgical treatment is around 90 percent. One of the most curious subjects of the patients is whether or not it is possible to relapse after surgery. You should not think that you will no longer have sinusitis after your surgery. You should not forget that; Successful surgery means that you will be able to experience sinusitis at a normal human frequency in the next period of your life.



If sinusitis is left untreated, what kind of problems can one expect?
When we look at the position of the sinus cavities on the face, we see that it is very close to the eye and brain. Due to its location, sinus infection can cause inflammations in the facial bones called osteitis when it spreads to the environment. When it spreads to the eye, it can cause situations leading to blindness and when it spreads to the brain, it can cause many serious problems, from meningitis to brain abscess. For all these reasons, not to postpone the treatment of sinusitis, I recommend that you immediately contact a trusted and experienced physician to eliminate the problem.


16AXX
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WHAT IS SINUSITIS?

Sinusitis is a disease caused by filling the gaps in the facial bones with inflamed tissue. Nasal congestion is manifested by yellow-green runny nose, nasal discharge, headache and difficulty in smell.

headache-cynicus
TYPES OF SINUSITIS

Sinusitis is the inflammation of the mucosa covering the sinus cavities by factors such as viral, bacterial and fungal. There are different types of sinusitis and their different durations.

Types of sinusitis include:

Acute sinusitis: This lasts up to 4 weeks and is the most common type.

Subacute sinusitis: Symptoms last longer than normal acute period, from 4 to 12 weeks.

Chronic sinusitis: Symptoms persist or recur continuously after 12 weeks. It may require more invasive treatment and possibly surgery.

The healing time and treatment depends on the type of sinusitis.

sinusitis-signs
CAUSES OF SINUSITIS

- The most common cause of sinusitis is viral upper respiratory tract infections,
- Mucosal edema occluding sinus ostium from allergy,
- Curvatures in the nose,
- Polyps,
- Anatomical pathologies that cause nasal flesh growth or blockage that narrows the sinus emptying canals (ostium),
- Nasal growth in children,
- Differences in pressure during air travel or swimming lead to obstruction of the ostia.

Although it is more common than rheumatism and high blood pressure, it is a condition that deteriorates the quality of life more than diabetes and heart disease. It has both physical and psychological disadvantages.

SYMPTOMS OF SINUSITIS

Symptoms vary depending on the length and severity of the infection.

Acute sinusitis can be diagnosed if the patient has two or more of the following symptoms.

- Yellow-green colored, thick, runny nose
- Facial pressure and pain
- Clogged nose
- Runny nose
- Odor disturbance
- Cough

In more advanced cases, the following symptoms may also be present:

- Fire
- Bad breath or bad breath
- Tiredness
- Toothache
- Headache

If these symptoms persist for 12 weeks or more, the doctor may diagnose chronic sinusitis.

TREATMENT OF SINUSITIS

In the treatment of sinusitis, the target is to kill the bacteria that grow in the sinus whose flow is disrupted, to clear the sinus by correcting the flow again.

In acute sinusitis, antibiotics can be used to kill the bacteria, nasal drops, some nasal openers and oral cleansing may be sufficient to provide flow.

In chronic and recurrent sinusitis, anatomical and functional disorders in the nose should be directed. This is usually done by surgery. The pathology or pathologies leading to sinusitis must be correctly diagnosed by performing a sinus tomography before the decision of surgery.


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