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Sound and noise levels, laws and regulations

There are many regulations that regulate the permitted noise levels in the workplace. In Europe, workplace noise is regulated by the EU Directive 2006/42 / EC, and in the United States by the OSHA standard 1910.95 Occupational Noise. OSHA is composed of the initials of Occupational Safety and Health Administration, the federal agency responsible for the implementation of occupational health and safety in the United States. There are also countries with stricter national standards than those specified in EU directives or OSHA.

Laws and regulations

The EU Directive 2006/42 / EC and the OSHA 1910.95 “Occupational noise exposure” directives in the United States are examples of regulations for the management of workplace noise. OSHA “Occupational Safety and Health Administration” is the abbreviation of “Occupational Safety and Health Administration olan, the federal unit responsible for ensuring the implementation of occupational health and safety legislation in the USA. Some countries have even more stringent national requirements than those specified in the EU Directives or OSHA.

Under the EU directive, environmental requirements should be met for the lowest possible noise level, especially in light of technological advances and possibilities to control noise at the sound source. In order to overcome these rules, the reasons must be investigated. A timetable for the action plan should be formulated and implemented. Noise exposure should be reduced as much as possible below the values ​​specified in practice.

Employees should receive sufficient information about the levels and measures taken. Information about the necessity of wearing ear plugs and the risk of hearing loss that may be exposed should be provided.

Machinery and technical equipment should be designed according to the latest technical developments to reduce noise. It is therefore important to monitor technological advances in noise control. Reducing noise directly from the source of noise is often the most efficient and economical method.

When determining the lowest applicable level of noise exposure, it is important to consider the latest technical developments and possibilities for limiting noise.

Under the EU Directive, previous references can now be used for the economic feasibility of noise prevention measures. One objective of the EU Directive is to prevent companies and countries from increasing their competitiveness through a weak working environment.

National and international regulations


Almost all regulations regarding workplace noise indicate that exposure to noise should be limited to a maximum sound level of 85 to 90 dB (A) Leq for eight hours. This limitation is based on the guidelines of the International 1999: 1990 ISO standards.

The European Directive 2003/10 / EC defines the maximum limit for exposure to workplace noise at 87 dB (A) Leq for an eight-hour working day.

The US allows 90 dB (A) and an exchange rate of 5 dB (A) for an eight-hour day, while France, Sweden, Norway, New Zealand and Spain have 85 dB (A) for an eight-hour day. and a change rate of 3 dB (A). A change rate of 3 dB (A) means that the time that a person can be exposed to noise is halved if the sound level exceeds 3 dB (A).

In the UK, in the 2005 labor law, noise control is limited to 87 dB (A) Leq for eight hours in accordance with the EU Directive.

As it is known, developing countries adopted laws and regulations determined by developed countries without making any big calculations for local conditions. For example, India set the noise exposure limit to 90 dB (A) on an eight-hour working day in 1948, but all factories in India have 6 working days per week. Total exposure to noise is 48 hours per week. As a result, the total exposure time is higher than the approved limit in developed countries.

OSHA 1910.95 determines the values ​​of exposure to noise in workplaces. The limits are based on the weighted average of a worker's working time of eight hours a day. OSHA has established a maximum exposure limit (PEL) of 90 dB (A) for all employees working eight hours a day. These levels are applied with a change rate of 5 dB (A).

The National Institute of Occupational Health and Safety (NIOSH) in the United States states that the equivalent noise level a worker is exposed to should be limited to 85 dB (A) for an eight-hour working day to minimize the risk of hearing damage. Based on updated literature studies, NIOSH has found significant hearing loss that may occur even at levels in line with OSHA PEL. NIOSH recommends an increase rate of 3 dB (A); thus, each increase in 3dB (A) halves the allowable exposure time.

Example: OSHA permits eight hours of exposure time for a noise level of 90 dB (A), and only two hours for 100 dB (A). NIOSH recommends limiting exposure to noise below 85 dB (A) to eight hours. For 100 dB (A), it recommends a daily exposure time of less than fifteen minutes.

In 1981, OSHA introduced new requirements to protect workers in the manufacturing industry. Where the worker is exposed to a weighted equivalent noise level of 85 dB (A) or more during an eight-hour shift, the employer must implement a hearing protection program. Employers should measure noise levels, provide annual hearing tests free of charge, provide hearing protection and practice, and additionally assess safety measures unless workers are confident that they are exposed to levels below 85 dB (A) by changing their work practices, tools and equipment.


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SOUND INSULATION

1. WHAT IS SOUND INSULATION?

We live in housing, school, workplace and so on. to prevent the harmful effects of noise by isolating buildings and the environment from unwanted noises; Recording studios, cinema, concert hall etc. to create the necessary usage conditions by isolating the spaces from unwanted sounds; generator, booster, heater etc. yapılan Sound insulation ara is the applications made with the aim of isolating noisy spaces and reducing the noise they emit to the environment.

Sound insulation basically covers the measures to be taken to minimize the harmful effects of noise on human beings. Noise is an undesirable set of undesirable sound that has different frequency components and is often variable over time.

Especially in areas where urbanization is unplanned, noise is one of the factors damaging human health and comfort. Disturbing noises from a surrounding factory, severe noise in the residential area around the airport, vendor voices, traffic noises, conversations from the neighbor can be disturbing by people perceiving it as different doses of noise.

In some areas, low volume is one of the most important requirements of the job. The sound level in radio broadcasting and music studios should be low, create a quiet and peaceful environment for patients in a hospital, cut out the noise coming from outside the school, building are the problems to be solved during the construction phase. In order to provide a peaceful environment in buildings, it is necessary to struggle with noise.

Two methods are mainly used to combat noise. Acoustic regulation and sound insulation. Acoustic regulation is the regulation of the reflection time in the indoor environment. Sound insulation, on the other hand, is the amount of sound transmitted by building elements.
to reduce the process.
2. ADVANTAGES OF SOUND INSULATION

2.1. Sound Insulation Provides Healthy and Comfortable Environments

Noise is undesirable and uncomfortable for our comfort. In addition to this disorder, it has negative effects on individuals in terms of psychological, physiological and performance. Noise, behavior disorders, decrease in working efficiency, hearing loss, tinnitus and some psychological diseases may be the cause.

30-65 dBA First Degree Noise

discomfort
Discomfort
Sense of boredom
Anger
Concentration disorder
Sleeping disorder

65-90 dBA II. Noise of Degree

Physiological noise
Change of heart rate
Acceleration of respiration
Decreased pressure in the brain

90-120 dBA III. Noise of Degree

Physiological noise
Headache

120-140 dBA IV. Noise of Degree

Physiological noise
Headache

140 dBA V. Degree of Noise

Eruption of the eardrum

2.2.Sound Insulation Makes People Efficient

Noise as a result of the factory and so on. the productivity of workers in industrial plants is reduced, their attention is distracted and as a result occupational accidents occur. Decreasing work efficiency due to noise can also harm institutions economically. A similar effect is seen on students studying. Students who are exposed to noise cannot understand the information efficiently because their concentration is distorted by distracting them. Research on the inhabitants of Munich Airport concluded that aircraft noise reduced children's long-term recall and comprehension skills. People need to be purified from noise by sound insulation in order to continue their activities efficiently.

3. SOUND INSULATION MATERIALS

I. Building Insulation

Wall, Flooring, Roof Applications:
Glasswool, wool, wood wool, soft polyurethane based foams, melamine foam, felts, perforated metals, perforated wood, perforated gypsum boards, cork. Upholstery Applications (for the prevention of impact sound only):
Polyethylene, rubber foam, textile waste materials.

II. Insulation Glass Units
Acoustic Laminated Glass Solutions

III. Technical (Industrial) Insulation
Glasswool, wool, polyethylene, polyurethane, rubber foam, springs, hangers, silencers and so on.
4.EFFECTIVE STANDARDS AND LEGISLATIONS RELATED TO SOUND INSULATION

TS 901 (01.11.1972): Fiber Heat and Sound Insulation Material
TS EN ISO 140-1 (18.03.2002): Acoustics - Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and structural elements - Part 1: Requirements for laboratory test sites with suppressed side conduction
TS EN ISO 140-3 (16.01.1996): Acoustics - Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and structural elements - Part 3: Measurement of airborne sound insulation values ​​in structural elements in laboratory
TS ISO 140-4 (16.01.1996): Acoustics - Measurement of Sound Insulation in Buildings and Structural Elements - Part 4: Area Measurements of Airborne Sound Insulation Between Rooms
TS ISO 140-5 (16.01.1996): Measurement of Sound Insulation in Acoustic Structures and Structural Elements - Part 5: Field Measurements of Airborne Sound Insulation of Exterior Facade Cladding Elements and Exterior Facade Claddings (in Turkish)
TS EN ISO 140-6 (18.03.2002): Acoustics - Measurement of Sound Insulation in Buildings and Structural Elements - Part 6: Laboratory Measurements of Impact Sound Insulation of Soils
Acoustics - Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and structural elements - Part 12: Laboratory measurements of sound insulation spreading between rooms by air and impact in a transportable ground floor TS EN ISO 140-12 (01.04.2002).
TS EN 20140-2 (16.01.1996): Acoustics - Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and structural elements - Part 2: Determination, verification and application of precision information
TS EN 20140-9 (16.01.1996): Acoustics - Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and structural elements Part 9: Laboratory measurements of sound-emitting sound from room to room on a suspended ceiling filled with an upper filler
TS EN 20140-10 (16.01.1996): Acoustics - Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and structural elements - Part 10: Laboratory measurements of airborne sound insulation in small building elements
TS EN 12758 (11.11.2002): Glass - Used in buildings - Glass systems and airborne sound insulation - Properties, definitions and determination

4.1. Current rules for sound insulation

TS 2381 (05.04.1976): Evaluation of Sound Insulation in Houses
Mel Regulation on Assessment and Management of Environmental Noise 2002/49 an published in the Official Gazette no 25862 dated July 1, 2005 ”
Mel Health and Safety Regulation on Construction Works an published in the Official Gazette No. 25325 dated 23 December 2003 ”

“Vibration Regulation yayımlan published in the Official Gazette No. 25325 dated 23 December 2003
Igi Regulation on Health and Safety Conditions in the Use of Work Equipment ’published in the Official Gazette No. 25370 dated February 11, 2004
Yonetmelik Regulation on the Use of Personal Protective Equipment in the Workplace an published in the Official Gazette No. 25370 dated February 11, 2004
Yonetmelik Regulation on Procedures and Principles of Occupational Health and Safety Training of Employees ’published in the Official Gazette No. 25426 dated 07 April 2004”


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What is Electronic Noise?

In the electronic world, noise is a general name given to the fluctuations caused by unwanted signals that interfere with the signal to be transmitted. What are the causes of electronic noise, also known as interference? What varieties are there? Details in our article.

What is Electronic Noise?

In general, the concept of noise in electronic circuits can be defined as unwanted signal confusion. Especially in electronic-communication technology and high-frequency RF (radio frequency) circuits, signals are transmitted using a conductor and electromagnetic waves.

However, a continuous unwanted component is present on this transmitted signal. This component is sometimes too small to be noticed, and sometimes it can be annoyingly high. Such situations are also known as parasites among the public.

What are the causes of noise?
1) Space Noise: The source of this noise, also known as galactic noise, is completely sun. It is known that various spots and stars in the sky create noise.

However, thanks to the magnetic wave reflector of the ionosphere, frequencies lower than 15 MHz are not effective in the world. We can only overcome this kind of noise, which sometimes creates great danger for space vehicles, only with protected circuits.

2) Atmospheric Noise: There is a constant static electricity between the clouds and the cloud-ground. According to reports, 100 lightning per second is happening worldwide. Discharge is more effective at low frequencies.

3) Industrial Noise: Factory, workshop, transformer etc. There is an electronic noise generated by every vehicle that uses electricity. Especially in industrial areas this amount of noise is very high.

4) Thermal Noise: It is the type of noise that occurs as a result of the movement of electrons in the conductive material depending on the temperature and is independent of the welding voltage.

5) Other Electronic Noise: Noise generated by active electronic devices.

What is Network Noise?

Electronic circuits generally use rectified mains electricity as a source of energy. However, this does not apply to direct current sources such as batteries or batteries.

On this rectified current there is a small fluctuation of the alternating current. This ripple shows itself as noise in electronic circuits and it is called as hum.

This type of noise, which has amplitude greater than other types of noise, does not have much negative effect on electronic circuits as the frequency is 50 Hz.

What are Noise Units?

Noise is measured in power units, ie watts, in the MKS system. The power calculated here is referred to as the average power.

Signal-to-noise ratio is more important than noise expressed in watts. We can define this ratio as the ratio between the noise and the signal to be transmitted.

The presence and magnitude of the noise is usually measured using the Spectrum Analyzer. This software-assisted measurement often achieves accurate results.

How to reduce electronic noise?

Generally, the noise that is tried to be reduced by using CMOS and BJT type transistors can be reduced by many methods. First of all, our circuit must have a very good grounding. It is very important to reduce ripple and ripple formation and hence noise.

Another preferred method of reducing noise is to separate the signals. In this way, the signals are sent to the desired location by using two separate cables. This technique can be used in both analog and digital circuits. Available in speakers, PCI and USB outlets.

Faraday cage is also a system that can eliminate the electronic noise almost completely. In addition, if the cables are protected and insulated very well, noise will be reduced.

Electronic noise does not always create a negative situation. Noise is used in circuits with functions such as random number generation and vibration.


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Sneaky Danger - NOISE POLLUTION

Controlling noise is a system problem that can be addressed and resolved in terms of the source of noise, the environment in which it is spread (indoor and outdoor environment) and the people and other living things affected by it, and it requires cooperation between various disciplines.

Sudden sounds that occur at a high frequency, which can cause discomfort and change frequency, are not called melodies because they do not have a melody. Noise; water, air and soil pollution. The concept of noise control in the world dates back to the 1950s.

Noise sources according to noise propagation paths; internal noise and external noise.

External Noise Sources
- Transportation noise,
- Industrial noise,
- Construction noise,
- Recreation noise,
- Noises for entertainment and commercial purposes.

NOISE POLLUTION IS THE FIRST RANK OF OTHER POLLUTION TYPES IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES. ACCORDING TO OTHER POLLUTION TYPES; THE MOST WIDE, THE MOST IMPACT OF PEOPLE AND THE HARDEST SOLUTION IS NOISE POLLUTION.

Determinants of Sound (Frequency and Intensity)
The two main determinants of sound are its frequency and intensity. The sound intensity is directly related to the mechanical pressure reaching the eardrum and is measured in decibels (dB). Our ear detects sounds between 0-140 dB. Frequency is the number of vibrations per second and the unit is Hertz (hz). The human ear can hear sounds ranging from 20 to 20,000 Hertz. The ones below this are called ultrasonic sounds and the ones above it are called ultrasonic sounds. Although these sounds cannot be heard by the human ear, they cause nausea, headache and restlessness.

The range of speech tone ranges from 500-2,000 Hz. According to international standards, the noise level that damages the hearing system is 100-10,000 Mhz and 85 dB. The limit to which one has difficulty understanding everyday conversations from a distance of 1.5 meters is considered as the noise level. In the last 10-15 years, it has been found that the noise ratio has increased by 15-20 dB in big cities.

Unusual sounds are tolerated less than 32 by the sounds of someone else and the sounds made by ourselves and by others. The sound should not exceed 30 dB for a comfortable sleep. The alarm clock equals 70 dB for a normal conversation.

Usually ear
Detects 0-140 dB,
Uncomfortable at 120 dB,
Hears pain at 125-130 dB,
140 dB’ pain and tear of the eardrum occurs.
People cannot stand 170 dB and above.

The duration of exposure to sound as well as the intensity of the sound affects people. The contact can last up to 8 hours at 90 dB, 4 hours at 93 dB, 2 hours at 96 dB, 1 hour at 99 dB.

Normally, the sound we hear around us should not be more than 30-60 dB. The distinction between sound and noise may vary between people. A sound that some people listen to as music is disturbing and perceived as noise.

Noise pollution ranks first among other types of pollution in European countries. According to other pollution types; The most common pollution that affects people the most and is the most difficult to solve is noise pollution.

Researches on noise have started in the 1970s in our country and many researches have been made on this issue in our country as in the whole world. As a result of these studies, among the environmental noise, the most common and most disturbing noise is; motor vehicle traffic noise has proven to be. In the second place, indoor noise comes. The second row in external environmental noise; airplane and airport noise.

Negative Effects of Noise
The World Health Organization has identified noise pollution as a risk factor for human health. These risks include; deterioration of hearing health (especially for workplace noise), hearing loss due to noise, physiological influences (high blood pressure, heart problems, metabolism and respiratory system disorders, premature births and infant deaths, sleep disturbance, stress) and psychological problems. influences (behavioral disorders, aggressive behaviors, general discontent, feelings of distress, sudden anger) are examples.

The effects of noise on human activities, especially job performance, are undeniably important. Decrease in work efficiency, lack of concentration, decreased mental performance in schools, learning difficulties in children can be counted among them. Especially the negative effects on the elderly and sick people are more dominant.
Impact according to personal characteristics; 20% of people are hypersensitive to noise. The hearing function may deteriorate more quickly after the age of 40. Women are more affected by high frequency sounds than men. Previous diseases and traumas in the inner ear increase the rate of noise. Being in a noisy environment before will accelerate hearing loss.

People are not the only ones affected by noise. The ecosystem also suffers from this danger. Rapid access roads, airways, railways and uncontrolled construction through natural sites have negative effects on natural life in various ways.

Noise Reduction and Prevention
In 1910, Robert Koch's prediction that savaş there will be days of war with noise like cholera and plague ”has been realized today. The efforts to win this war; the world's population, unplanned urbanization, increasing transport density, noisy machinery and equipment, and measures in the industry are carried out for many reasons.

Controlling noise is a system problem that can be addressed and resolved in terms of the source of noise, the environment in which it is spread (indoor and outdoor environment) and the people and other living things affected by it, and it requires cooperation between various disciplines. However, the subject; technology and planning as well as social, legal and economic dimensions.

Technical studies under the name of noise control engineering for reducing and preventing noise are considered in many aspects within the scope of “noise management içinde within the general environmental protection strategies of the countries.

In recent years, for the purpose of protection from environmental noise in the world; planning of “calm areas de in cities, efforts to create acceptable“ sound universe ıyla by emphasizing local, characteristic, social, cultural and natural sounds, creation of “calm facades da in buildings, detection of high-noise areas with the help of noise maps, noise-induced health issues such as quantitative assessments of risks, benefit / cost analyzes of measures to be taken are on the agenda. Solving noise problems; specific strategies and policies, and the preparation of effective and feasible action plans.

Depending on the development of technology, there are also areas where noise control works are successful. Less noisy aircraft, quieter motor vehicles, trains, noise-reducing pavements, silent tires, silent rails, quieter domestic vehicles and machinery are examples.

Noise Pollution in Turkey
1982 Regulation on Noise Control ’published in 1986 within the scope of Environmental Law published in 1982; In 2007, a new regulation was prepared under the name “Assessment and Management of Environmental Noise altında, which also required noise maps and action plans. In accordance with this regulation, noise maps are prepared in cities and action plans are prepared. Various certificate programs have been established to train the personnel who will take part in the studies to be carried out, work in the noise pollution assessments of the EIA reports and conduct audits and measurements against complaints.

On the other hand, in 2017, the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization issued a report on the measures to be taken against the noise generated by the external environment and the internal noise; “Protection of Buildings Against Noise”. The control of the buildings during the construction process starting from the project design phase and the post-construction evaluation are discussed in detail in the regulation. As a result of the studies carried out between the European Union countries, the regulation which includes the issue of ak Acoustic Classification of Buildings an published as an International Standard; This includes the measures to be taken for houses, schools, hospitals, hotels and all kinds of public buildings. Noise and vibration control is required for external structural elements (façades, windows, roof), separating inner partition elements (walls and floors), installation centers, ventilation ducts and installation elements, and limit values ​​are given for the applications. Acoustic evaluation of the buildings and obtaining a certificate was ensured with the help of performance tests when required.

It is known that the noise intensities are quite high especially in our big cities and are above the limits determined by the World Health Organization.

According to the World Health Organization, one in three people in Europe are affected by traffic noise. This effect causes insufficient sleep and a significant decrease in the performance of the person during the day and additional costs such as time and money in the health system.

Avoiding Noise Pollution
People are advised to choose residential areas away from heavy traffic, have a sound level of about 35dB in the bedroom during the night and a sound level of about 40dB during the day. They are also advised to avoid prolonged use of earphones and use ear plugs when exposed to high noise levels. It should be remembered that noise has a high and lasting effect on both our mental and physical health.


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Noise Pollution in the Ocean

We have all heard of noise pollution. What is noise pollution in the oceans, how does it occur and how does it affect living things? Global warming and overfishing are among the biggest threats to the oceans. Recently, the sounds under the ocean are almost identical to the noise of a city. So the oceans now also face noise pollution.


WHAT IS NOISE POLLUTION?


Noise pollution or sound pollution is any kind of human, animal or machine originated sound that affects human or animal life negatively and destabilizes it. The noise pollution in the oceans is unfortunately caused by people. There are three main sources of noise pollution in the oceans…


First; ships. Sound waves emitted from the engines or propellers of commercial ships moving in the water are spreading deep.


The second factor causing noise pollution; oil and gas exploration. The sound of the cannons used in drilling turns water into war zones.


Other threat to the oceans; Military exercises. The navies use low and medium frequency sound waves to detect the objects around them. For example, a military ship that wants to check if there is a submarine around it sends a 230-decibel sound wave to the sea. This sound continues to emit vibration for 100 seconds.


Marine Mammals Affected


Noise generated by these effects affects marine mammals the most. According to research, whales or dolphins cannot use the communication senses they use to survive because of the sound pollution they are exposed to, so they cannot find their spouses to reproduce or the food they need to survive.
In addition, whale or dolphin flocks in recent years, the biggest cause of the mass ashore is thought to be the biggest reason again. Experts, migrating fish encountered by the direction of sound waves emitted by a giant ship stuck in the shallow waters of the direction argues.


WHEN YOU HAVE A ROAD


In Spain, the Technical University of Catalonia explores the sounds of the sea within the framework of listening to the deep ocean environment. The aim of this research is to prevent collisions between whales and large ships. According to researchers 'discovery, the captains of the oil and natural gas explorers in the ocean thought that they could enter the internet system where the whales' voices were broadcast and reduce the noise caused by a whale nearby. However, since there is no legal obstacle to the noise that may occur, respect for the living things of the ocean creatures is left to the initiative of the person and human-oriented activities continue.


Nowadays, there is only light pollution in the sea in the regulations and we hope to determine the parameters related to noise pollution and to establish sustainable working programs in the near future. Otherwise, we will not have a way to stop people from hiding from the public how the natural gas pipeline system in the Black Sea only harms the fish species in the Black Sea.


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How can sound pollution be reduced?

Warm weather means opening windows and doors, spending most of the day outdoors, on balconies or in gardens. Especially in the summer months, people living in cities understand the extent of sound pollution.

When it comes to environmental pollution, it is not possible to struggle with sound pollution that does not come to mind immediately but can reach the dimensions that will harm people and other living things in big cities. By taking measures against sound pollution, we can minimize this damage from human hands.

The first thing to do to reduce sound pollution is to turn to sound sources. It is possible to use silencers in motor vehicles which have the highest noise source in the city. Of course, the silencer must be installed in all vehicles and arrangements should be made in this direction.

In the construction of tools and machines, the noise ratio should also be reduced by the authorities. In addition to the precautions to be taken in this direction, you can make a choice by looking at the sound levels of the tools and machines you will use.

Legal and public precautions should be taken

The establishment of factories, workshops or workshops with high sound levels in the city should be prohibited. It will be appropriate to move the previously established workplaces away from human settlements and out of the city in order not only to prevent sound pollution but also to harm the environment.

In everyday life, it is also important to adjust the volume of your voice while you are talking to the phone or a relative, turn off your phone's external warning signals, and protect your ears if you are working or living in noisy environments. Prolonged loud sounds can cause hearing loss, as well as unjustified stress, insomnia and irritability.

It is also important that children receive training in sound pollution and ear health. Thus, it will be possible to train individuals who take precautions against sound pollution and know how to protect themselves. Finally, sound insulation in homes and workplaces will increase your living comfort.


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Sound Insulation and Acoustics

Sound insulation materials are products that keep the sound at the place where it is formed, prevent the transmission of the sound to the other places of the building and the unwanted sound from the outside into the room.

Sound-absorbing materials, on the other hand, dampen sound waves that vibrate in the environment, reducing acoustic quality, background noise and poor echo. Sound absorber materials are not used alone to prevent sound from penetrating from the outside, but significantly improve the sound quality in the places where it is used.

Sound waves create vibrations on the structural elements between the independent sections and cause sound transmission. The most practical way of preventing sound transmission is to divide the common structural element between the sections with two independent layers and to place sound absorber materials which serve as springs between the two layers. The attenuated sound waves, which can partially pass through the first layer, are absorbed in the sound absorber material to a great extent and the sound transmission is minimized by being exposed to the extra resistance caused by the mass of the second layer. This principle in sound insulation is known as "Mass - Spring - Mass Law".

CelluBOR is one of the most important components in the sound suppression system and is used as sound absorber material. CelluBOR, according to the results of the sound absorption of sound absorption class A class and sound absorption coefficient is 1.0‘. CelluBOR has the ability of soundproofing up to 70 dB according to the experiments to measure the sound insulation emitted by air according to different frequencies when applied in the system with the correct building components. It prevents reverberation and resonance thanks to its irregular and fiber texture. It creates a peaceful and comfortable environment by eliminating noise pollution.



Why is sound insulation necessary?


• Sound insulation is required to prevent noise transmission between neighbors in residential and adjoining houses, to establish comfort in hotels and offices, and to create quiet and peaceful areas.
• According to the Manage Regulation on Protection of Buildings Against Noise an published in the official newspaper, sound insulation is a legal obligation.
• Sometimes even chat or listening music can be heard from adjacent apartments. Sound insulation is required for privacy.
• It is necessary for acoustic regulation that the sound waves coming from the sound source do not reflect back and distort the existing sound in studio environments.
• It is necessary to damp the impact sounds such as mechanical sound before they are transmitted from the source.
• Noise, which can be defined as loud and irregular sound, has a negative impact on human health and the environment. Sound insulation is required for peaceful and healthy environments.
• Decontamination of living spaces makes the sound insulation environment more valuable than others.


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