Sinusitis Symptoms and Treatment of Sinusitis
Sinusitis is a disease caused by filling the gaps in the facial bones with inflamed tissue. Nasal congestion is manifested by yellow-green runny nose, nasal discharge, headache and difficulty in smell. Memorial Health Group Ear Nose and Throat Department experts gave information about the symptoms, treatment and prevention of sinusitis.
What is Sinusitis?
Sinuses; It is defined as the air gaps in the bones around the nose. There are five pairs of sinuses in man. These;
Cheek sinuses (maxillary sinuses),
Forehead sinuses (frontal sinuses),
Sinuses between eyes (anterior and posterior ethmoid sinuses)
Sinuses in the nasal region (sphenoid sinuses).
In infants and children, the development of the sinuses in adults and their appearance in aeration is completed to a great extent at the age of 12-14 years. However, they take their final form at the age of 22-24.
Sinuses are part of the system of the nose, which forms normal secretion (mucus). Normally, the nose and sinuses secrete about half a liter of mucus per day. The produced mucus acts on the nasal cover (mucosa), sweeping and washing dust particles, bacteria and other airborne particles. This mucus is then drained back into the throat and swallowed. Particles and bacteria are broken down by stomach acid. Many people are not aware of this because it is a normal body function.
Sinusitis; is a general definition of inflammation of the mucosa that lays the sinuses located around the nose. Today, the term tutul rhinosinusitis yerine is used instead of sinusitis since it cannot be the case where only the sinus mucosa is affected and the nasal mucosa is not affected. In general, sinusitis occurs when the mucus (mucus) produced by the laying mucosa cannot be drained into the nose. There are three main factors that cause this.
Obstruction of the nasal discharge channels (ostium) of the sinuses,
Disruption of the system (muco-ciliary activity) that actively transports mucus to the ostia within the sinuses,
Change in mucus content or consistency.
In the presence of one or more of these factors, proliferation of bacteria in the mucus accumulated in the sinuses causes sinusitis. Sinusitis is generally classified as follows:
Acute sinusitis
Chronic sinusitis
Subacute sinusitis
Recurrent (recurrent) acute sinusitis
Acute exacerbation of chronic sinusitis
Symptoms of Sinusitis
The symptoms of sinusitis vary from person to person. In general, people think that sinusitis occurs when the head or face is painful, whereas sinusitis makes little difference with pain. The rate of pain in sinusitis is around 5 percent. Complaints that are more prominent in sinusitis are known as nasal congestion, deterioration in sound, feeling of fullness and runny nose. In general, the symptoms of sinusitis can be identified in this way;
Stubborn cough at night or in the morning,
Yellow-green colored, thick, runny nose
Feeling pressure around the eyes,
Bad breath, odor disturbance, nausea and / or vomiting,
Colds (flu), sometimes mild fever, lasting more than 10-14 days
Nasal congestion and snoring,
Burning in the throat sometimes with nasal discharge,
Behavior changes,
Long-lasting headache
Causes of Sinusitis
Although there are many different causes of sinusitis, the most common causes are;
Viral upper respiratory tract infections (URIs): The most common cause of sinusitis. Edema and inflammation of the nasal mucosa due to viral infection and obstruction of the sinus emptying channels, as well as the thick mucus produced to obstruct the ostia, lead to deterioration of secretory accumulation and oxygenation in the sinuses. Following this stage, secondary bacterial growth and sinusitis occur.
Mucous edema occluding the sinus ostium due to allergy is the second leading cause of sinusitis.
Intranasal curvatures (septum deviation),
Polyps
Anatomical pathologies that narrow or block the sinus discharge channels such as nasal flesh growth (turbinate hypertrophies)
Enlarged nasal meats especially seen in children
Pressure changes during swimming or air travel cause ostium to close.
Although sinusitis is more common than hypertension and rheumatism, it deteriorates quality of life more than diabetes and heart diseases. It has negative effects not only physically but also psychologically. Sinusitis; nasal congestion, pain in the forehead, fatigue and fatigue, opening the mouth to sleep at night, snoring as well as problems such as stomach, bowel and lung problems are also preparing the ground. Therefore, the factors causing sinusitis and sinusitis must be treated.
Does Wet Hair Cause Sinusitis?
It is one of the most common issues among the public that whether going out with wet hair or not drying the hair after showering will cause sinusitis. People with allergies or polyps on their noses, or those with nasal flesh growing out with wet hair, are at increased risk of having sinusitis as the nasal mucosa swells allergically during the hot-cold exchange and the perforations of the sinuses are easily closed. This information does not mean that the person will get a haircut and will eliminate this risk with short hair. This is a problem with the heat-cold exchange and can be seen by everyone, but is generally more common if there is a predisposition or disease in the nose that may facilitate this.
Sinusitis Headache
One of the most important causes of headache among people is known as sinusitis. Sinusitis is quite severe and can cause pain that affects quality of life. The causes of headaches that originate from sinuses, which are air-filled spaces around the nose, are briefly;
Mucosal contact surfaces and pains
Oxygenation or negative pressure due to lack of aeration
Inflammatory tissues (polyps) can be listed as the result of the pressure on surrounding tissues.
In many sinus diseases, it is natural that more than one sinus is sick. Therefore, the complaints will be a whole consisting of one and more sinuses. In addition, the reflected pain phenomenon is involved.
Pain in the buccal sinuses progresses from the sinus region to the upper teeth. Pain sometimes occurs in the cheekbone, nasal and forehead. Pain in chronic sinusitis is a less common symptom, contrary to general belief. Pain in malignant tumors of the cheek sinus can only be a complaint in the advanced stage. Cysts of the cheek sinuses are also the cause of pain. When the cysts grow and cover the inside of the sinus, they cause pain especially by pressure on the sinus mouths. The pain is usually severe and extends from the cheek area to the forehead. There is an increase in tear secretion and nasal congestion.
In acute infections of the nasal root sinuses, there is pain in the nasal root and behind the eyes. It is rarely found alone. It is usually present in the form of pansinusitis with cheek and forehead sinusitis. Benign tumors called osteoma are also known to cause pain from the beginning.
Forehead pain is usually responsible for forehead sinusitis. However, because of the anatomical features of the mouth of the forehead sinus is easy to discharge, provides a lot of pain in the forehead sinusitis.
Among the nasal sinuses, skull base sinuses are the least controversial in terms of their features, but the last one is still not mentioned in terms of clinical findings. Many complaints and illnesses still take responsibility for skull base sinusitis. Acute infection may include headache, forehead and bilateral temporal pain, shoulder, teeth, palate and nasal pain, stiff neck, back pain, forgetfulness and thoughtfulness.
The air in the sinus is theoretically at the same atmospheric pressure as the outside air, and the pressure balancing is related to the normal permeability of the sinus orifices. The deterioration of this relationship leads to the formation of more or less air pressure in the sinus than the external environment. The practical result of this is the emergence of a pain. In particular, there is a formation called “vacuum sinusitis” and “vacuum headache olan associated with the decrease of air pressure in the sinus. This situation; it can be either as a result of obstruction of the sinus orifice and absorption of gases in the mucosa, or as a result of non-compliance with changes in external atmospheric pressure. It is explained by inflammation of the sinus mouth, obstruction as a result of allergic and tumoral formations, and obstruction of air permeability. Opening the sinus mouth eliminates pain.
Sinusitis Treatment
When sinusitis is not treated correctly, it may cause serious diseases such as chronic pharyngitis, chronic gastritis, reflux, around the eye and infection, abscesses, meningitis and brain abscess. The diagnosis of sinusitis is made by otorhinolaryngologic examination and endoscopic examination, direct radiography and sinus tomography. In the disease classified as ut Acute ”,“ Subacute ”and ronik Chronic;; acute sinusitis lasts about 4 weeks. It goes by drug treatment or spontaneously. Subacute sinusitis is a transitional phase. Acute sinusitis did not heal at this stage; however, chronic sinusitis is not fully established. Chronic sinusitis lasts more than 3 months. First, antibiotic treatment is applied. If sinusitis is chronic, that is, it cannot be treated with medication, sinusitis surgery may be on the agenda.
Sin Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ına can be applied to patients with chronic sinusitis or Sin Balloon Synoplasty Surgery ”can be applied to patients who are deemed appropriate. In endoscopic sinus surgery, polyps or other anatomical disorders that block the natural canals of the sinuses are corrected and the canals of the sinuses are opened. However, this method requires a longer recovery period. It is an operation that should be performed carefully and carefully in terms of the risk of complications. Balloon synoplasty is a more recent method applied only to the sinuses in the face, forehead and nasal region. The suitability of the patient for this method should be determined by the doctor. With this treatment, the patient is discharged on the same day, can return to work the next day and the patient's natural anatomical structure does not deteriorate.
“Balloon Sinusoplasty iyileşme provides rapid healing without damaging any tissue in the nose, causing bleeding and requiring tampons. This method is applied in sinus treatment similar to the method used to open the occluded vessels of the heart. In the method, after the closed hole of the sinuses is found, the deflated balloon is placed in this hole and the balloon is inflated with a certain pressure after it is observed that the balloon is in the right place under the X-ray. This ensures success in the hole that needs to be drilled or expanded.
Advantages of Balloon Sinusoplasty
Balloon Sinusoplasty is important in terms of the absence of bloody surgery, and a surgical scar at the end of the procedure and no closure due to it. It is also a very reliable method in terms of avoiding complications of eye, brain and vascular structures that may arise during the surgical procedure. The patient can easily get rid of this problem with balloon sinusitis treatment which is applied in only 20 minutes. The patient's hospital stay and recovery process is extremely shortened. He can be discharged on the same day and return to his normal life the next day. There is no pain problem after the operation. Although it is applied in all kinds of sinusitis cases, it gives very successful results in correctly selected cases. The method can be considered as a breakthrough in sinusitis operations, which is a fearful dream for patients with sinusitis. Balloon sinusitis treatment is not applied to patients with sinusitis with flesh growth, to those with small sinuses blocked and to people under 17 years of age.
Sinusitis Treatment in Children
Conditions requiring sinus surgery in pediatric sinusitis are cases that are resistant to drug treatment. Surgery is also an important option in the treatment of inflammation around the eye caused by sinusitis. In children with chronic sinusitis with nasal flesh or frequent tonsillitis, removing nasal flesh and, if necessary, tonsils alone is not a method to treat chronic sinusitis; Endoscopic sinus surgery is the preferred procedure for chronic sinusitis that does not heal in spite of nasal flesh and tonsil surgeries performed with appropriate drug therapy. The most important purpose of this surgery, the opening of the sinus and the opening of the sinus should be to clean the inside. If the most appropriate treatment option for the child is surgery, this should be done immediately.
Ways to Prevent Sinusitis
It is important to know how to prevent the occurrence of sinusitis, which is a recurrent disease, even if treated. It is recommended to follow these recommendations to avoid sinusitis;
Influenza infection should be treated under the supervision of a doctor.
The nose should always be kept open during infection. To do this, it is useful to use the ocean water or to enter the sea to discharge the sinuses. At home, a teaspoon of salt into a glass of salt, half a teaspoon of carbonate prepared by mixing the nose can be washed in the nose. These will prevent the filling of the sinuses in influenza infections. To keep the nose open, eucalyptus vapor with menthol can also be made.
Care should be taken not to go out with wet hair.
Do not expose to direct wind.
Allergy treatment should not be neglected.
Nose bone curvatures, size and swelling of the nasal flesh should be treated and eliminated.
Known Mistakes in Sinusitis Disease!
Some methods, which are thought to be good for sinusitis among the public, can have some vital consequences. Some natural therapies, herbal therapies that are thought to be good for sinusitis can be very risky. Plants thought to be good sinusitis should not be squeezed. Otherwise, if the plant used flows into the lower respiratory tract from behind the nose, it may cause a laryngeal edema and cause the patient to die.
The nose should not be swept away, and in severe swelling, the infection in the nose can go to the ear. This can result in inflammation of the middle ear.
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