6 psychological effects that shed light on the functioning of the brain
It is one of the most curious subjects of scientists, what causes the brain to do not only command our whole body but also responsible for our emotions. Once the great mystery behind even our daily activities is solved, we will have much more information on how to guide personal development.
Research has revealed six psychological effects that provide insight into brain functioning and decision-making. We have listed these 6 important impacts for you Uplifers readers.
Pratfall effect: The likelihood of being loved increases as we are not perfect.
Everyone makes mistakes, but it's not everyone's fee to accept them. However, being able to confess our mistakes and clumsiness and laughing at them makes us more at peace with ourselves while at the same time making us more lovable by others. The “perfect” person who has never caught a mistake creates an air of inaccessibility and a perception of distance.
This theory was tested by Elliot Aronson, a psychologist at the University of California. In his experiment, Aronson played the audio recordings of the people answering some questions to the volunteers and asked that these recordings be evaluated in terms of cuteness. As a result, the sound recordings of the people who knocked the coffee cup in front of them while answering the questions were perceived as the most sincere and therefore the most lovable.
Pygmalion effect: Prophecies perform itself.
The Pygmalion effect, also called the Etk Expectation Effect abilir, can be explained with the claim that gerçekleş if you believe, it will happen “. According to this theory, people behave in accordance with the expectations of people whom they consider superior to themselves. In other words, the idea of achieving greater goals really gives the person the determination to achieve them.
The effect takes its name from an old mythological story. The prince of Cyprus, the sculptor Pygmalion, thinks that all women are flawed and tries to sculpt an ideal woman. This work, which he calls Galatea, is so beautiful that Pygmalion desperately falls in love with his work. The goddess prays to Venus and wishes Galatea to become a living being. Venus fulfills this wish and the couple live happily thereafter.
The first experiment on the Pygmalion effect was conducted by psychologist Robert Rosenthal and his team. In an elementary school, as a result of the assessment test at the beginning of the demolition of 1st and 2nd grade students, Rosenthal told the teachers that some students could achieve great academic success. These students were not the ones with the highest scores or the highest IQ in the test. At the end of the year, when the students were tested again, it turned out that the students, who Rosenthal randomly selected, convinced the teachers that they would be successful, really made the biggest progress. It seemed that the teachers had shown more support and attention to these students throughout the year thanks to the expectation effect.
The paradox of choice: The higher the options, the less likely we are to be satisfied with our choice.
Many researchers have long been trying to measure happiness, find out what makes people happy, and thus evaluate social development. When the freedom of choice is evaluated, it is a surprising result that freedom increases the rate of unhappiness. So much so that the more choices people have, the more they lose their ability to choose, and the less satisfied they have in the end.
Psychologists Mark Lepper and Sheena Iyengar tried this theory in a supermarket. They set up a trial stand with quality jams and offered people 6 choices at once and 24 choices at once. At the end of the experiment, it was seen that 30 percent of the people who received 6 options received jam, while only 3 percent of those who offered 24 options received jam.
Audience effect: In a crowded environment, the person seeking help can be ignored.
According to this impact, which can also be described as a complexity of responsibility, the possibility of helping a person in need of assistance or owning a job put forward in a meeting decreases as the environment gets crowded. Researchers attribute this to making people feel less responsible. This shows us that we need to be very clear, especially when delegating work to a group.
This effect was put forward by psychologists Bibb Latane and John Darley. Nearby, students who were in danger of suffocation due to obstruction of the trachea were observed. 85 percent of the students who think that there is no one else who can help, while 65 percent of the students who think that others can take this job tried to help the student whose breath is blocked. In fact, there are four other people who saw that only 31 percent of students extended their helping hand.
Spotlight effect: Our mistakes are not as noticeable as we fear.
It is called a “spotlight effect ına when a person thinks that they are paying more attention to their behavior or appearance than other people do. The same error is true of how many people have noticed our mistakes. In fact, others don't pay as much attention to our moments of small failure or clumsiness as we think.
In a study conducted at Cornell University a few years ago, the reactions of students who entered a crowded environment were measured with a T-shirt with a photograph of the American musician Barry Manilow, who was not popular at that time. Students who spent a while in the crowd told the researchers that at least half of the people noticed and commented on the T-shirt. However, even the quarter of the crowd did not show interest in these people and the t-shirts they wore.
Focusing effect: When we focus on one aspect of an event, we overlook other factors.
Is the emotion of a high salary the same as a low salary? Or can someone who lives in a sunny country spend the most of the year in a gray sky and in the rain? Research has shown that these people are equally happy about where they actually live; while answering the question revealed that they ignore other factors that affect happiness (low crime rate, distance from earthquake zone, etc.).
Looking at the issue from a distance while trying to make a decision helps us to gain perspective and see the big picture.
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