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What is fungal infection of the skin? What causes fungal infections of the skin? Symptoms and treatment of fungal infection

There are millions of different fungal species in the world, but about 300 of them are known to make people sick. Fungal diseases are often caused by fungi that are common in the environment. Fungi live outdoors in soil, plants and trees, indoors and in human skin. Most fungi are not dangerous, but some species can be harmful to health. Now, what is the fungal infection of the skin? What causes fungal infections of the skin? Let's take a look at what you need to know about the symptoms and treatment of fungal infection ...

What is a highly contagious skin fungal infection that can be passed from person to person through contact? What causes fungal infections of the skin? You can find all the details about the symptoms and treatment of fungal infection in our news…

WHAT IS SKIN FUNGUS INFECTION?

Fungal infections are very common skin problems that can affect both children and adults. Some of the most common skin fungal infections are ringworm, intertrigo, athlete's foot, tinea capitis, pubic fungus, nail fungus. Although the symptoms of these infections are irritating and irritating, they are rarely dangerous and can be easily treated with appropriate topical cream or oral medications.

Ringworm

It is seen as gaps in hair or beard. It is frequently seen in children but also in adults. The opening of the zone is manifested by slight redness and flaking.

intertrigo

Particularly in the folding parts of the skin; It is a marked skin disease with itching and burning sensation, often seen in humid climates and obese people, caused by heat, moisture and friction.

Tinea capitis

It is an infectious and epidemic dermatophytosis that mainly affects children. It is more common in boys than in girls. The causative agent is trichophyton or microsporum.

Cutaneous candidiasis

It can contain almost any skin area of ​​the body, but it often occurs in moist, wrinkled areas such as the armpits and groin. Candidiasis is the most common cause of diaper rashes in infants. Candidiasis is also common in people who are obese or have diabetes.

Athlete's foot

It is the most common dermatophyte infection. It usually begins as itchy, scaly, inflamed rashes on the curtains of the third and fourth toes. It is characterized by increasing pain in the skin, painful stretch marks, sometimes unpleasant odor, red and / or white swollen areas. If left untreated, secondary bacterial infections are common.

Nail fungus

Fungal infections of the toes. It often starts at the free end of the nail, usually first holds the large nail and is often asymmetrical. The nail fades to white or yellowish colors and gradually becomes more brittle and crumbly. Over time, more nails are affected. Often the infection is painless and there is no or minimal inflammation visible. As the nail damage progresses, especially if the nail is painful and thickened, there may be problems in movement and wearing shoes.

Pubic Toadstool

It is one of the most disturbing fungus species. It is usually seen in men. Redness occurs in the groin area, sometimes spreads to the genitals. Burning and itching are seen. There are also cases of foot fungal infection.


CAUSES OF FUNGUS INFECTION IN THE SKIN

Fungal infections occur when fungal spores invade dead keratin cells in the body. Infections are highly contagious and can be transmitted very easily from person to person, but can also be found in common areas. Mushrooms grow very quickly in humid environments, so places such as entertainment centers, swimming pools, children's playgrounds and shared bathrooms may be filled with mushrooms if not properly cleaned.

Some factors that can increase the risk of developing fungal fungi can be:

- Being overweight or obese
- Not completely dry skin after bath or shower
- Contact with a person or animal with a skin fungal infection
- Contact with items that may be infected with fungi, such as clothes, towels and bedspreads.
- Walk barefoot in shower and pool areas
- Wear tight clothing that does not allow sweat to dry after perspiration
- Having diabetes (diabetes)
- Antibiotic use
- Being pregnant
- Have health conditions that weaken the immune system such as HIV / AIDS
- Poor nutrition and weakening of the immune system

SYMPTOMS OF FUNGUS INFECTION IN THE SKIN

Itch is the most common and prominent symptom of skin fungal infection. You may experience itching before seeing any redness that indicates infection. Some fungal infections are accompanied by clear physical symptoms. For example, ringworm infections cause a ring-shaped rash. Most of the symptoms are also limited to a certain area of ​​the body. Tinea capitis affects only the scalp, while the athlete's foot, as the name implies, affects only the feet.

TREATMENT OF FUNGAL INFECTION IN THE SKIN

Two main methods used in skin fungus include antifungal drugs and moisture preventive measures. Fungal infections are typically treated with antifungal drugs. The administration of antifungal drugs, usually topical drugs to the affected areas, may be sufficient to treat the fungus. Topical medicines include cream, gel, lotion, solution or shampoo. On the other hand, some antifungal drugs may be taken orally.

In addition to medication, it is important to ensure that the area of ​​the fungus-forming skin remains dry. It may be beneficial to dry the infected area thoroughly with a separate towel after showering or, if possible, wear open shoes for a while if the fungus has formed on the feet.

Corticosteroids may be prescribed by the doctor to alleviate inflammation and itching in some infections.


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Vaginal Fungal Infections

What is vaginal yeast infection?
Vaginal fungus is an infection caused by “candida” microorganisms in the vagina.

Known as bilinen vaginal fungus, vagina fungus, candida infection arasına, this condition is referred to in medical terminology as aj vaginal mycosis, vaginal mycosis, mycotic vaginitis, vaginal candida infection, vaginal candidiasis (vaginal candidiasis) isimler.

In English, vaginal yeast infections are referred to as inal vaginal yeast infection..

What is Mycosis and Fungus?
Mycosis is read as mycosis and means "fungal infection." "Fungus" is the name given to the fungal microbe.

Fungal infections can occur in different parts of the body. For example, vaginal mycosis defines "vaginal fungal infections", while onychomycosis means "nail fungus."

Drugs used against fungal infections are called antimycotic or antifungal drugs.

What is Candida albicans?
There are many fungal species that cause vaginal fungal infections. Candida albicans is the most common fungal species. (Read as ”Candida albicans ans).

Candida albicans is responsible for approximately three quarters of all fungal infections.

What are the symptoms of vaginal candidiasis? What are the symptoms of fungal infection?
The most common symptom of vaginal yeast infection is vaginal discharge. It is a typical feature that vaginal discharges are shaped like milk, creamy portion of milk or cheesey (cheese cut).
Vaginal discharge may sometimes be accompanied by vaginal itching and vaginal burning.

In some cases, complaints such as burning in the genital area and burning while urinating (dysuria) can be seen. Rarely, swelling (edema) occurs suddenly in the genital areas and may cause anxiety in individuals.

Some of the patients with vaginal yeast infection also have a burning sensation during intercourse. (Dyspareunia)

There is no vaginal odor problem in vaginal candida infection. If there is a smell coming from the vagina during vaginal discharge or intercourse, the presence of another vaginal infection is also considered. Especially in bacterial vaginosis and trichomonas infections, vaginal odor problem also arises.

The continuity of vaginal candida infections causes some psychological problems in people over time.

Regular gynecologist checks prevent the disease…
Cheese cuts can be "asymptomatic" because they do not drain out because of their consistency, which means that most patients do not show any symptoms at all. For this reason, it can be seen incidentally during regular gynecologist controls and treatment can be done without spreading the disease.

In chronic (chronic) vaginal fungal infections, treatment is difficult.

What is Candida vulvitis?
The outer genital area is called “vulva.. Infections of ida candida vulvitis ”(mycotic vulvitis, candidal vulvitis, vulvar candidiasis) develop with the transmission of vaginal discharge to the external genitalia (vulva).

Vulvar candidiasis may cause tenderness, redness, edema, itching and ulceration due to itching (skin irritations) in the external genital area.

How is vaginal fungus recognized?
The diagnosis of candida infections in the vagina is quite simple. During a routine gynecological examination, plaques on the vagina wall that look like lime (cheese-like) indicate fungal infection.

Although the patient's complaints and gynecological evaluation can be easily diagnosed, in some cases the diagnosis cannot be certain. In these cases, potassium hydroxyl is dropped onto the liquid taken from the vagina through glass and examined under a microscope. The diagnosis becomes clear with the presence of typical fungus-related se pseudohyps ede on microscopic examination.

The findings of fungal infections can also be seen in the pap smear test, a cervical screening test.

Vaginal culture tests are not important for vaginal yeast infections.

What are vaginal flora and lactobacilli (bacilli, milk bacilli)?
There are a number of microorganisms in the vagina that do not normally cause disease. These microorganisms are called “vaginal flora.. These microorganisms include yararlı lactobacilli (milk bacillus, double-bacillus bacillus) yararlı useful bacteria.

Lactobacilli (dederlein bacilli) both suppress the growth of other harmful microorganisms and maintain the balance and acidic PH of vaginal flora.

Here, harmful microorganisms, which arise as opportunistic as a result of the decrease in the number of lactobacilli, can reproduce and cause different complaints. Fungal infections are one of these opportunistic infections.

How is vaginal fungal infection (Candida infection of the vagina) transmitted?
Vaginal fungal infections can be transmitted by sexual intercourse from partners, unhygienic toilets or pools.

However, the main causes of fungal infections are not in the form of ingestion, but rather the changes in PH in the vaginal tissue or the decrease in the number of lactobacilli.

As a matter of fact, vaginal candida infection may also occur in a young girl who has never had sexual intercourse (virgin).

At what age do vaginal fungal infections occur?
Vaginal fungal infections are most commonly seen in reproductive ages. Because of the estrogen hormone secreted in this period, the vaginal mucosa developed and prepared a suitable environment for fungal infections.

Since estrogen hormone levels are very low before the first menstrual period or after the menopause period, there will be no fungal infections in these periods unless there is another reason.

How common are infections of candida?
At least three-quarters of all adult women are exposed to vaginal candida infection at least once in their lifetime.

In which cases does yeast infection occur more frequently?
In some cases, the fungal infection is activated, ie triggered. These situations:

Antibiotic use: Antibiotics kill beneficial bacilli in the vagina and pave the way for opportunistic yeast infections. Especially in penicillin group antibiotics this effect is more.

Pregnancy: Cellular immunity (immune system) is suppressed during pregnancy to prevent rejection of the baby. Suppression of the immune system causes the growth of opportunistic microbes such as fungal infections.

Birth control pills: Fungal infections may be seen more frequently in those taking birth control pills. This is the same for people who wear a spiral (Ria).

Immunosuppression: Fungal infections occur more frequently when the immune system is suppressed by factors such as intense stress and the use of cortisone-type drugs.

Synthetic undergarments: If nylon or synthetic undergarments are used, the genital area remains moist, causing the growth of fungal infection. Therefore, the use of cotton underwear is recommended.

Chronic systemic diseases: Vaginal fungus occurs more frequently in patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes and thyroid diseases.
Especially in diabetes, the increase in blood sugar leads to an increase in sugar in the vaginal fluid, which results in the growth of the fungus. Regularly regulating blood sugar levels in diabetic patients may prevent this.

Irritant substances: Perfumes squeezed into the vagina, pads, wrong vaginal tampons can cause allergic effects and cause fungus formation.

Vaginal douching: Washing of the vagina with pressurized water can cause a number of bacterial and fungal infections with the rise of acidic PH. For this reason, it is recommended not to wash the inside of the vagina with water or soap.

AIDS: Vaginal candida infection occurs frequently in this disease which decreases body resistance.
Click here for information about Aids >>>

Frequent and forced sexual intercourse: In frequent cases of sexual intercourse and vaginal dryness during intercourse, the movements of the penis within the vagina can create a rot microtrauma ”effect, causing small skin cracks in the vaginal mucosa. Among these skin cracks, the growth of fungal infection is quite easy.

Other causes: Obesity, chronic cervicitis, radiation, hormonal drug use also pave the way for fungal infections.

What is the treatment of vaginal yeast infections? What is antimycotic (antifungal) treatment?
In the treatment of vaginal fungal infections, both oral (systemic) and vaginal (local) drugs are used.

Drugs used to treat fungal infections are called “antimycotic drugs (antimycotics, antifungal drugs)..

Antimycotic drugs taken orally (orally) first pass into the blood and then enter the vaginal tissue and destroy the fungal cells.

Oral antimycotic medications are usually one-day treatments. Itraconazole and Flucanozol are the most commonly prescribed fungicides.

In order to improve the effectiveness of oral medications, it is useful to supplement them with vaginal route. Vaginal fungicides can be in the form of suppositories, ovules and creams. If there is irritation in the external genital area, antimycotic skin creams may also be added to the treatment.

What is chronic fungal infection?
Persons who have had four or more attacks of fungal infection within one year are diagnosed with mantar chronic fungal infection.. Chronic fungal infections are more difficult to treat and more time-consuming.

In people who have chronic fungal infection, the reasons that may cause the fungal infection (blood sugar measurements, HIV test, etc.) should be done. Treatment of their spouses is also recommended.

Particularly effective in chronic (chronic) fungal infections, even more important than treatment is the elimination of fungal conditions.

Can fungal infection be treated during pregnancy?
Yeah. As mentioned earlier, fungal infections occur more frequently during pregnancy. The reason for this is that cellular resistance during pregnancy is suppressed in order to prevent rejection of pregnancy material.

In fungal infections that occur during pregnancy, some fungicides (antimycotic drugs) may be given locally (vaginally).

Since these drugs are administered in the form of suppositories, creams or ovules into the vagina, it is safe for them to be used from the first three months during pregnancy. However, it is still advisable not to use random drugs without doctor's consent and consent.

Oral antimycotic drugs are NOT used unless they are very difficult during pregnancy! .. Because mycotic drugs taken orally may pass through the blood and damage the fetus.

Is co-treatment necessary for fungal infections?
Vaginal fungal infections generally do not cause problems in spouses and do not require spouse treatment routinely. However, if sexual partners have complaints such as itching, redness and itching in the genital area and this condition shows fungal infection by laboratory tests, treatment is essential. Otherwise, only if the woman is treated, the male partner will be re-infected.

Again, if a woman has chronic (chronic) fungal infection and this does not persist despite ongoing treatment, the male spouse should be given antimicotic (antifungal) treatment.

How Can I Protect From Vaginal Fungus?

Choose cotton underwear, not nylon
Wear your underwear by ironing after high boiling
Choose not tight pants
Never wash the inside of your vagina with soap or water
Rinse the outer surface of the vagina with water, not soap (otherwise the acid mantle on the skin will deteriorate).
Do not apply perfume containing irritant to the genital area, do not use unsuitable vaginal tampons
Use condoms as much as possible in sexual intercourse
Avoid unhygienic toilets and swimming pools
If you experience vaginal dryness during intercourse, you should use water-based vaginal lubricants.
Go to regular (every six months) gynecological examinations (Gynecological examinations can detect and treat vaginal discharge without any findings).
If you are experiencing vaginal discharge problems, this may be due to many infections, such as bacterial vaginosis, trichomonas infections, ureaplasma and mycoplasma infections, chlamydia infections. Cervical wounds (cervicitis) may also produce vaginal discharge. In this case, it will be useful to perform your smear test.
On the other hand, in some cases we call "mixed infection", a few species of microorganisms may have grown together. Medications taken directly from the pharmacy without examination can benefit you, not harm. Therefore, it is recommended that patients who have vaginal discharge have a gynecological examination.


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Products You Should Use to Prevent Vaginal Fungal Infection and Considerations

Vaginal yeast infection (vaginal candidiasis) is caused by the overgrowth of a naturally occurring fungus in your vagina called Candida albicans. There are some products and situations that need to be considered to prevent the growth of fungi.

Note: Consult the specialist for the most accurate information, diagnosis and treatment.

1. Yogurt
A review published in 2006 found that some probiotics may be effective against C. albicans.

Yogurt can be considered a probiotic because it contains live bacteria such as Lactobacillus acidophilus. These bacteria are very important for creating a healthy environment in your vagina. It can help treat overgrowth caused by imbalance.

But make sure that the yogurt you consume does not contain any additional sugar that causes Candida mushrooms to grow.


2. Boric acid

Boric acid is a powerful antiseptic that some women claim to be useful in treating fungal infections that are resistant to other drugs.

A 2009 study showed that topical boric acid may be effective in the treatment of vaginal infections.

Always mix boric acid with water before applying it to your vagina.

Note: Boric acid can have serious side effects, so do not use it without consulting a specialist!

3. Thyme Oil

In one study, it has been shown that oregano oil can inhibit or slow the growth of C. albicans depending on the dosage used.

Add 3-5 drops of oregano oil to every 30 grams of olive oil. Apply this mixture by massaging the skin.

4. Probiotic suppositories and supplements

Probiotics help improve the balance of bacteria-yeast in your body (K).

Oral supplements take about 10 days to take full effect, so some women use vaginal suppositories to see results faster. Always consult the specialist before using the roving.

5. Coconut oil

Studies have shown that coconut oil is effective against C. albicans.

Be sure to get pure, organic coconut oil to treat vaginal yeast infection using coconut oil. You can apply oil directly to the affected area

6. Tea tree oil

Research has shown that a vaginal suppository containing tea tree oil can help treat vaginal infections.

If you use it as a vaginal suppository, make sure it is diluted with a carrier oil, such as jojoba or coconut oil.

7. Apple cider vinegar

Apply apple cider vinegar to the affected area after diluting with water. Make sure the area is thoroughly dry after application (K).

8. Garlic

Garlic has been shown to be an effective Candida killer in a laboratory study. Try adding garlic to your dishes to reduce the effects of infection.


9. Hydrogen peroxide

According to some studies, hydrogen peroxide is a bactericidal and yeast lethal antiseptic.

Be sure to reconstitute the hydrogen peroxide (half water and half hydrogen peroxide) before applying to the skin and do not use for more than five consecutive days.

10. Vitamin C

Vitamin C strengthens the immune system. A strong immune system allows your body to balance itself.

Try increasing your vitamin C intake to increase your body's ability to overcome the fungal infection. Do not apply acidic products containing vitamin C to your skin.

11. Also consider:

Limit the amount of sugar and processed food you consume.

Wear loose clothing, cotton underwear.

Do not spend a long time in wet clothing or swimsuit. Mushroom likes warm, wet environments.

Use antibiotics only when necessary, when advised by your doctor.

Do not use vaginal cleanser unless advised by your doctor and avoid vaginal deodorant sprays and scented vaginal lotions.

Other informations:
Most home apps provide relief in a few days. Some may take a week or may not work.

If your symptoms worsen or if you experience different symptoms, consult your doctor. Also, if your irritation develops separately from your symptoms of yeast infection, consult your doctor.

If you use any substance, supplement or essential oil, be sure to use the best in safety, purity and quality. Buy from a known source in consultation with your doctor.


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What is a vaginal fungus? How to treat vaginal fungus ?

Vaginal fungus is one of the problems that can happen to many women. Vaginal fungus is known in medicine as Candida Albicans. So, what is a vaginal fungus? We investigated the answer to the question of how to treat vaginal fungi.

What is vaginal fungus is one of the issues that women wonder. Especially women encounter this disorder frequently in the summer months. The question of what is vaginal fungus is therefore frequently investigated by women. Fungal infections can cause you to face problems such as itching, discharge and burning. How is vaginal fungus treated? We have compiled for you the details of your vaginal fungus.

WHAT IS VAGINAL fungus?

Vaginal fungus, which is frequently encountered by women especially in summer, is known as a condition that causes discharge, burning and itching problems. Its color is milk cut and yellow. Symptoms include severe burning and itching of the vaginal area. Normally, there is a normal rate of fungal and bacterial growth in the vaginal areas of women. Vaginal fungus occurs when fungi grow when bacteria are reduced.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF VAGINAL FUNGI?

Symptoms of vaginal fungus include;

* Low body resistance
* Pregnancy
* Use of Birth Control Pills
* Weight gain
* Nylon undies
* Using a continuous pad provides a suitable environment for vaginal fungus.
* Spiral
* Hormone use
* Diabetes
* Cervical wounds

HOW TO TREAT VAGINAL FUNGI ?

Vaginal yeast infection is known to be rapid as well as going fast. The treatment of fungal infection is also simple. The benefit of oral medications and creams is quickly seen. However, the important point here is that the fungus repeats itself in a short time. Therefore, it is very important to balance the flora of the vaginal region. The main reason of its appearance in summer months is that the vagina remains moist and the flora structure deteriorates.

One of the things to be aware of in summer is that you should not sit in wet swimsuits or bikinis after leaving the sea or pool. Apart from this, it is very important not to wear tight pants and not to use synthetic tight clothes so that the vaginal fungus does not repeat.

It is also necessary to use special soaps during vaginal fungal treatment in order to prevent fungi from reappearing. These soaps will maintain the balance of flora in the vaginal area.


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Vaginitis (vaginal infections) vaginal fungus, trichomonas, bacterial vaginosis

Vaginitis, ie, infections of the vagina, are caused by fungal, parasitic or bacterial infections. In some cases, two or all of these factors may cause infection together. The most common symptoms are vaginal discharge (odorless or smelly) and vaginal itching.



Fungal infection
Approximately 75% of women have at least one episode in their lives, and a significant proportion of them have two or more episodes of vaginal yeast infection per year. Pregnancy, use of birth control pills, long-term antibiotic use and untreated diabetes are factors that facilitate fungal infection.



The most common manifestation of this type of vaginitis, caused by two fungal species called Candida Albicans or Torulopsis Glabrata, is a white, odorless discharge in the form of a cheese cut with intense itching in the vulva and vagina. Sometimes the flow can be very dense. Redness and edema may have occurred in the external genital area due to infection itself and itching.



In some cases, the irritation caused by itching can cause burning during urination. In advanced cases, vaginal fungal infections can also cause pain during intercourse.



How is the diagnosis diagnosed?
Diagnosis is easy in a woman presenting with these complaints. If necessary, it may be necessary to see the fungus in vaginal secretion samples or to produce the fungus in culture.



In some cases, the general gynecological examination of a woman who has no complaints or fungus may be detected in the papsmear sample taken. In such a case, some of the doctors offer absolute treatment, while others think that it is not necessary to intervene in fungus-free fungi. Although it is not clear which approach is correct, it is known that fungi can survive for years without causing any symptoms in the vagina. Moreover, attempting to remove these non-complaint fungal cells from the genital system does not exempt women from fungal infections in later life.



Fungal infection is not considered a sexually transmitted disease.



How is it treated?
There are many drug options in the treatment of yeast infection. For mild infections, vaginal suppository administration and vulvar cream application are recommended, whereas in severe infections or those who cannot use suppositories, treatment with single dose drugs is successful in most cases.



In case of recurrent infection, the factors that facilitate fungal infection are taken into consideration and long-term treatments are preferred over single dose treatment. Probiotics and vaginal flora regulators (Gynoflor, Vagiflora) work in most cases.



Whether or not co-treatment is necessary in women suffering from yeast infection is controversial, but this treatment is considered unnecessary considering the fact that yeast infection is mainly due to the temporary reduction of regional immunity of the female genital tract. Doctors' approaches may be different.



Since the response to treatment can be obtained at the earliest on the 2nd day, it may be necessary to use additional medications in order to eliminate the symptoms of regional itching in women whose daily life is severely affected by severe itching.


Chronic fungal infections
Stubborn itching of the lower genital area has occurred in some women, and itching may have been repeatedly tried to treat with the diagnosis of fungal infection. Chronic fungal infection is actually a very rare condition.



In further investigations, most of these women have an allergic reaction to the external genitalia or a dermatitis that is not related to skin infection. In such a case it is not possible to relieve symptoms with fungicides.


Trichomonas infection
Trichomonas Vaginalis moving with tails and easily in the vaginal environment

This microscopic parasite which can reproduce vaginitis is thought to be sexually transmitted. Although it has not been proven yet, it is thought that it is also transmitted from common toilets, towels and underwear and from the pool.



Trichomonas infection is often an asymptomatic type of infection. Contrary to the fungus, it is recommended that a woman who has no complaints should be treated if it is found by chance in her examination. This is because this infection can easily spread to the other side during sexual intercourse.



The most common symptoms of Trichomonas vaginitis are yellow, foamy, abundant

vaginal discharge and often itching of the vulva (outside the genital area).



Trichomonas infection is thought to cause premature delivery of water and threaten premature birth during pregnancy.



Trichomonas vaginitis is often associated with Gardnerella vaginitis, which will be described below.



Medications in the form of suppositories or tablets are used in the treatment.



Since Trichomonas vaginitis belongs to the sexually transmitted diseases group, it is important to treat the spouse of the woman. A man with Trichomonas infection often shows no signs of disease and can easily transmit the infection to his partner in a single relationship.



In prevention of infection, it is very important to comply with the measures to prevent sexually transmitted diseases. Other rules that must be followed are to be careful in public toilets, not to share special items such as underwear and towels with others, and not to enter pools that are not sure to be clean.



Gardnerella vaginitis (Bacterial vaginosis)
This type of vaginitis occurs when the lactobacilli, a natural component of the normal flora of the vagina and protecting the vagina against infections, are reduced in number and replaced by some other bacteria, especially Gardnerella Vaginalis.

"flora" is the community of bacteria found in the mucous membranes of the body (intestine, mouth, nose, vagina) without damaging the environment and even performing some important functions.



Gardnerella does not have the ability to multiply as long as the lactobacilli are normal in the vagina.



Although the factors that cause the decrease in the number of lactobacilli that constitute the natural bacterial environment of the vagina are not fully known, factors such as frequent sexual intercourse and washing the inside of the vagina are thought to have an important role.



Gardnerella vaginitis is the most common vaginitis and is not thought to be directly transmitted by sex.



The most common symptom of this type of vaginitis is yellow-gray discharge and bad smell, especially after sexual intercourse. This smell is similar to fish smell in most cases.



Gardnerella vaginitis is a condition that must be treated because it may cause problems such as disruption of genital hygiene and increase the risk of pelvic infection, threat of premature birth during pregnancy, early arrival of water, formation of postnatal infection. Medications are used in the form of suppositories and tablets.

Noninfectious vaginitis (atrophic vaginitis)
Lactobacilli, the natural environment of the vagina, are ayakta standing "by the effect of estrogen on the vagina. Again, estrogen hormone provides the strength of the vagina tissue. When estrogen decreases for any reason, thinning of the vagina tissue (atrophy) and decrease in lactobacilli may cause discharge alone. Thinning of the vagina can also cause pain and bleeding in the relationship. In addition, vaginal infection with reduced lactobacilli may lead to increased discharge symptoms.



The most common cause of estrogen reduction in women is menopause.



External genital and vaginal yeast infections
Approximately 75% of women experience genital yeast infection at least once in their lives. Fungi are normally found in the genital area and they live without any problems.



Genital fungal infections are not among sexually transmitted diseases. Fungal infections of the genital area may also occur in women without active sexual life.



Most women have a fungal infection of up to 5-6 times in their lifetime. Incorrect application of genital hygiene rules, pregnancy, contraceptive pill use and rarely diabetes are factors that facilitate the infection of fungi in the genital area, and these women often have to use drugs for this infection.



In some cases, itching in the genital area is not caused by fungal infection. The gynecological examination to determine the cause of the pruritus reveals that the event is not a fungal but a regional allergic reaction. Sometimes the event is entirely psychological in origin.



Recommendations for people with frequent fungal infections
To give up the hygiene products produced for washing the inside of the vagina: Vagina is an organ that constantly renews itself. Therefore, these temizlik cleaning ı practices are meaningless in most cases and may even cause the vagina to deteriorate.

At least for a period of time (6 months - one year) to interrupt the use of vaginal tampons and use pads instead

Genital spray, perfume doped pad and tampon, use of perfume doped condoms in relationship

To change the soap used for cleaning the external genital area: this soap may be allergic. Do not use the soap used for the body in the genital area, but instead use cleaning products suitable for external genital area cleaning.

Change your underwear daily and use cotton undergarments

Paying attention to keeping the genital area dry

Consult the doctor for diagnosis and treatment as soon as possible to relieve the itch: itching increases irritation, irritation becomes more itchy and this vicious cycle becomes more difficult to break every day.

Lose weight: excess weight can be the cause of frequent fungal infection

Give up the use of tight pants and underwear


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Fungal Infection (Candidiasis)

What is Vaginal Fungal Infection?
It is a type of infection caused by Candida albicans. It can be seen in the vagina, mouth and moist areas of the body. Normal flora of the vagina contains a certain number of bacteria. In some cases, however, this flora is disturbed and fungi multiply, causing infection. Antibiotic use, menopause, pregnancy, birth control pills are used, blood sugar is not under control, diabetes, drug therapy that suppresses the intestinal system, AIDS and other conditions such as impaired hormonal balance. Vaginal yeast infection is generally considered to be sexually transmitted.

What are the Symptoms of Vaginal Fungus?
Itching of the genital area
Dark white discharge like a cheese cut in the vagina
Redness on the outside of the vagina
Burning while urinating
Some women may have no symptoms.
In men makes swelling and redness on the penis. It is more common in non-circumcised patients.
How to Treat Vaginal Fungal Infection?
In the treatment of vaginal fungus, oral tablets, cream or suppositories are used. Chronic fungal infections should be investigated if there is a condition that disrupts the immune system. The infection may take several days or 1 week to heal.

What Should I Do Against Fungal Infection?
Do not engage until the infection is cleared.
Use your medication regularly.
Avoid sugary foods.
Special shampoo, spray, etc. for this area unless your doctor recommends it. Use.
Dry the genital area well.
Use cotton underwear and change frequently.
If you are overweight, lose weight.
If you have diabetes, watch out for your blood sugar.
If the infection recurs within two months or does not improve despite treatment, consult your doctor.
How Can I Prevent Fungal Infection?
Keep moist areas of skin dry and cool.
Do not wear wet robes or swimsuits for long periods.
Do not wear nylon-like underwear.
If possible, do not use frequent and long-term antibiotics.


8AXX
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Vaginal Infections

1. What is Vaginal Infection (Vaginitis)?

Vaginitis is an inflammation of the vaginal mucosa and one of the most common causes of gynecologists. Vaginitis affects 90% of adolescent women and two or more infections occur together in 30% of cases1,2,3.

Vaginal discharge is a clear, egg-like secretion that keeps the vagina environment moist under normal conditions. Vagina secretion may increase in natural conditions such as pregnancy, sexual stimulation and ovulation, but this is not a normal condition and does not cause any complaints. Therefore, the increase in vaginal discharge does not always indicate a symptom of the disease.

If the amount of vaginal discharge, itching, burning and bad smell are felt with the change of color and consistency, these symptoms may indicate a problem of vaginal discharge, especially if it lasts more than 2-3 days.

Vaginitis is not usually a life-threatening disease. However, it can lead to more serious health problems if not treated in a timely and correct manner.


2. How does vaginitis occur?

Three factors are often responsible for the formation of vaginitis (90%):

- Fungi (Candida albicans)

- Bacteria (Gardnerella vaginalis)

- Parasites (Trichomonas vaginalis)

In addition, Chlamydia and Micoplasma bacteria, Neisseria gonorrhoea, Escherichia coli, Giardia lamblia, Balantidum coli, Entamoeba histolytica and Ureaplasma urealiticum are responsible for the vaginitis picture of microorganisms4.

The main factors that play a role in the formation of vaginitis is the deterioration of normal vaginal environment (flora) and the change in pH.

Mixed (mixed) vaginal infections are sometimes mentioned when two or all of these factors coexist.



3. What are the most common types of vaginitis?

The most common types of vaginitis are candidal vulvovaginitis caused by fungi, bacterial vaginosis caused by bacteria and trichomonal vaginitis caused by parasites.



What is Candidal Vulvovaginitis (Vaginal Fungal Infection)?

A common type of vaginitis, candidal vulvovaginitis is mostly caused by yeast fungi called Candida albicans. Candida albicans is the most important fungus that causes infection due to the deterioration of the natural resistance of the organism in the normal flora of the skin and mucous membranes of healthy individuals. This type of vaginitis occurs at least once in their lifetime in approximately 75% of adult women, and occurs two or more times in 40-50% of them1.



What are the Symptoms of Candidal Vulvovaginitis?

The main symptom is severe itching and irritation around the vagina. Consequently, redness and swelling of the external genitalia and intense and small amount of cheesy discharge are also present2.



What Causes Candidal Vulvovaginitis?

Normally found in the mouth, throat, intestinal (colon) and vagina flora, this fungus changes the balance of the body in pregnancy, diabetes (diabetes), obesity cases, birth control products, sperm killers (spermicide), intrauterine device (IUD) and intensive antibiotics 5. It causes disease in use5.



How is Kandidal Vulvovaginitis Treated?

In the treatment of these infections, antifungal products which are used orally or vaginally used against fungi are used.



What Is Bacterial Vaginal Infection (Bacterial Vaginosis)?

Bacterial vaginosis, also known as Gardnerella vaginalis or non-specific vaginitis, is the most common bacterial vaginal infection observed in women of childbearing age. In this disease, normal vaginal flora changes, the beneficial bacteria called Lactobacillus, which should be present in healthy flora, disappear and other bacteria (Peptococcus sp., Prevotela sp., G. Vaginalis and Mobiluncus sp.) Are increasing6.

Since bacterial vaginosis is asymptomatic at a rate of 50%, the incidence rate cannot be determined exactly. However, it is possible to say that bacterial vaginosis is detected in 15% -19% of patients presenting to outpatient clinics with gynecological disorders, 10% -30% of pregnant women and 24% -40% of people with sexually transmitted diseases1.



What are the symptoms of bacterial vaginosis?

Bacterial vaginosis does not show any symptoms. The most important symptom is fish-smelling vaginal discharge. In the eyebrow and irritation may be observed in some cases.



What Causes Bacterial Vaginosis?

Risk factors include IUD use, vaginal showers, and pregnancy.



How is Bacterial Vaginosis Treated?

Various antibiotics are used orally or vaginally against bacteria.



What is Trichomonal Vaginitis?

Trichomonal vaginitis is caused by Trichomonas vaginalis, a sexually transmitted parasite.

Trichomonas vaginalis affects approximately 180 million people worldwide annually7

What are the Symptoms of Trichomonal Vaginitis?

Symptoms are especially severe after menstruation and during pregnancy. The most common symptom is malodorous excessive discharge. The discharge can usually be observed in yellow-green color. Other symptoms include pain during sexual intercourse, burning during urination, and pain in the lower abdomen in some patients.


What Causes Trichomonal Vaginitis?

Since trichomonal vaginitis is a sexually transmitted disease, it may occur as a result of sexual intercourse with an individual who has this disease.



How is Trichomonal Vaginitis Treated?

Antiprotozoal or oral medications against parasites are used in its treatment. These medicines include products.

Because it is a sexually transmitted disease, the sexual partner must also be treated in order to minimize the success rate and recurrence rate. Sexual intercourse should be prohibited during the treatment period8.



What are the effects that facilitate the formation of vaginitis?

- Use of tight and tight synthetic garments
- Pregnancy (changes in hormonal balance)
- Diabetes
- Use of birth control pills
- Wrong cleaning habits
- Causes such as lack of immune system facilitates the formation of vaginitis.



What are the precautions to be taken to prevent vaginitis?

Cleaning is the main factor in disease prevention. It is useful to change underwear every day, boiling and ironing.

Frequent washing of the vagina with soap or intim showers disrupts the protective layer of the vagina, causing inflammatory diseases to settle. Prolonged use of tampons and pads is also a negative factor.

General bathrooms and excessive chlorinated pools should not be entered, public toilets and shared toilet cleaning materials should not be used.

In external genitalia, washing and drying should be done from front to back. With this method, it is possible to prevent the transmission of microbes from the anus, which is rich in microbes, to the vagina.

The choice of clothing is an important factor in preventing disease. Very tight and tight clothes such as synthetic fiber underwear and trousers are the factors that increase the fungus growth especially because they take less air and increase the heat and moisture around the vagina. Clothing that are carried wet for long periods, such as swimwear, are also harmful. Therefore, comfortable clothes and cotton underwear should be preferred.

Chemical contact can lead to vaginitis by changing the vaginal environment as a result of local allergy and hypersensitivity. Therefore, the use of perfumed toilet paper should be avoided.

Since prolonged and uncontrolled antibiotic use is one of the common causes of vaginitis, antibiotics should only be used under the supervision of a doctor.

Nutritional habits can also be preparative for vaginitis. Especially as a result of nutrition with abundant sugary foods, blood sugar will increase and disease formation may be easier.

How Should Sexual Life Be During Vaginitis Treatment?

Sexual intercourse should be avoided during treatment in other types of vaginitis, since irritation, which may occur as a result of sexual intercourse, may facilitate the development of infections and pain is a common finding in all types of vaginitis.


7AXX
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